This study reports piezoelectric properties and crystallographic microstructures of aluminium nitride (AlN, wurtzite structure) thin films on 50 μm thick stainless steel foil. The transverse piezoelectric coefficient d31,f and e31,f of 10 μm thick AlN films were estimated as -1.42 ± 0.08 pm/V and -0.48 ± 0.03 C/m 2 from a tip displacement of the piezoelectric cantilevers. Dielectric constant ε3...

This paper presents nonlinear elastic dynamic analysis of 3-D semi-rigid steel frames including geometric and connection nonlinearities. The geometric nonlinearity is considered by using stability functions and updating geometric stiffness matrix. The nonlinear behavior of the steel beam-to-column connection is considered by using a zero-length independent connection element comprising of six t...

The application of external post-tensioned steel bars as an effective way to strengthen an existing bridge has been so far used in many different countries. In recent decades, however, they have been replaced by bars made from Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), as a material with high tensile strength and corrosion resistance, to address several concerns with steel bars such as their appli...

This paper presents a simplified approach for the design of semi-continuous composite beams in braced frames, where specific attention is given to the effect of joint rotational stiffness. A simple composite beam model is proposed incorporating the effects of semi-rigid end connections and the non-prismatic properties of a 'cracked' steel-concrete beam. This beam model is extended to a sub-fram...

We study the maximum temperature rise induced by a rotating or dithering Gaussian laser beam on a semi-infinite body. An analytical solution is obtained by solving the transient three-dimensional heat equation in a semi-infinite domain with insulating surface. The effect of rotating or dithering frequency on maximum temperature rise is quantitatively investigated for stainless steel and carbon ...

Composite steel/concrete beams may buckle in hogging bending regions. As the top flange of I-beam in that arrangement is restricted from any translational deformation and twist, the web will distort during buckling presenting a phenomenon often described as restricted distortional buckling. There are limited studies available in the literature of restricted distortional buckling of composite st...

Worldwide, the pace of development in pedestrian countermeasures is increasing rapidly. To better understand the state of the art in bumper design for pedestrian impact, a survey of literature and patents has been performed. Two general approaches to reducing the severity of pedestrian lower limb impacts were identified: (a) Provide cushioning and support of the lower limb with a bumper and a n...