The free-choice paradigm is a widely used paradigm in psychology. It has been used to show that after a choice between two similarly pleasant stimuli, the pleasantness of the chosen one tends to increase, whereas the pleasantness of the rejected one tends to decrease-a spreading of alternatives. However, the methodological validity of the free-choice paradigm to study choice-induced preference ...

An energy-aware virtual topology rating system is proposed in this work, which can be utilized as a tool during the virtual topology reconfiguration procedure in an optical backbone network in order to reduce its energy consumption. It is well known that maintaining a static virtual topology in Internet Protocol (IP)-over-Wavelength DivisionMultiplexing (WDM) networks is not energy-efficient. T...

The static (parallel-plate thermal-gradient) diffusion chamber (SDC) was one of the first instruments designed to measure cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations as a function of supersaturation. It has probably also been the most widely used type of CCN counter. This paper describes the detailed experimental characterization of 5 a SDC CCN counter, including calibration with respect to ...

To exploit additional capacity on legacy transmission assets, network owners have developed a variety of techniques to support real-time thermal rating (RTTR) overhead lines so as get the maximum possible within their operating range. Most RTTR are inferred from effective weather conditions (EWCs) that used assess equilibrium conductors indicated by measured temperature <inline-formula xmlns:mm...

In this article, the dynamic thermal rating assessment method of oil-immersed power transformer with multiple operating conditions is proposed, considering constraints hot spot temperature (HST), top oil temperature, losses life and maximum allowable current on-load tap changer (OLTC) or bushing, which can determine load curves under different give most sensitive to limit capacity. To improve a...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS This study investigated the inter-rater and intrarater reliability of four basic visual perceptual parameters (lesion size rating and glottal configuration) in laryngostroboscopic evaluation. STUDY DESIGN Cohort Study. METHODS Two hundred fifty-five laryngostroboscopic video samples were evaluated by three raters on four measurements: 1) mass lesion size rating, 2) amp...

Credit ratings assigned by rating agencies to structured credit products have played an important role in the development of the structured credit market, which has been cast into the limelight by the recent credit crisis. This study aims at clarifying some misconceptions related to CDO ratings, their interpretation and their use. We first describe the rating approaches used by major agencies f...