A large collection of Lactococcus lactis strains, including wild-type isolates and dairy starter cultures, were screened on the basis of their phenotype and the macrorestriction patterns produced from pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of SmaI digests of genomic DNA. Three groups of dairy starter cultures, used for different purposes in the dairy industry, and a fourth group made ...

19 Streptococcus thermophilus with high exopolysaccharide production were isolated from traditional Chinese fermented dairy products. The exopolysaccharide and viscosity of milk fermented by these 19 isolates were assayed. The strains of Streptococcus thermophilus zlw TM11 were selected because its fermented milk had the highest exopolysaccharide content (380 mg/L) and viscosity (7716 mpa/s). T...

The aim of this study is the isolation, characterization and identification of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from artisanal Vlasina raw goat's milk cheese for the selection of potential starter cultures. Soft white Vlasina cheese was manufactured at a household on the Stara Planina Mountain using traditional techniques without starter cultures. One hundred and forty nine LAB isolates...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different early weaning programs on growth performance and blood parameters of dairy calves. To meet this objective, thirty Holstein calves with initial body weight of 36 ± 5 kg were randomly assigned at birth to one of the three weaning programs. Experimental groups were: 1) starter diet and whole milk from birth to 6 weeks and wean...

A facile genetic methodology in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans allowed exchange of the starter unit ACP transacylase (SAT) domain in the nonreduced polyketide synthase (NR-PKS) AfoE of the asperfuranone pathway with the SAT domains from 10 other NR-PKSs. The newly created hybrid with the NR-PKS AN3386 is able to accept a longer starter unit in place of the native substrate to creat...

Lomaiviticin biosynthesis is thought to utilize a propionyl starter unit for a type II polyketide synthase (PKS). Discovery of the lomaiviticin (lom) biosynthetic gene cluster suggested an unusual method for starter unit generation involving a bifunctional acyltransferase/decarboxylase (AT/DC) thus far observed only in type I PKS pathways. In vitro biochemical characterization of AT/DC Lom62 co...

Notions of core, support, and inversion of a soft set have been defined and studied. Soft approximations are soft sets developed through core and support and are used for granulating the soft space. Membership structure of a soft set has been probed in and many interesting properties are presented. We present a new conjecture to solve an optimum choice problem. Our Example 31 presents a case wh...

in the present study, the effects of milk supplementation on growth and viability of yogurt (streptococcus thermophilus and lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus) and probiotic bacteria (lactobacillus acidophilus and bifidobacteria) were studied during yogurt production and 33 days of refrigerated storage. the incubation time to reach ph = 4.5 was greatly affected by the addition of milk ...