This paper presents a correlation to obtain the surface species concentration on stagnation point with mass injection for hypersonic flow. The can be used determine recombination heat fluxes and oxidation levels ablatives or actively cooled shields in thermochemical equilibrium It explicitly expresses wall as function of freestream conditions, coolant properties, stagnation-point geometry, reve...

This article discusses the stagnation of an evolutionary optimization algorithm called Differential Evolution. Stagnation problem refers to a situation in which the optimum seeking process stagnates before finding a globally optimal solution. Typically, stagnation occurs virtually without any obvious reason. The stagnation differs from the premature convergence so that the population remains di...