[1] A simple function of sea surface salinity (SSS) and temperature (SST) in the formAT = a + b (SSS 35) + c (SSS 35) + d (SST 20) + e (SST 20) fits surface total alkalinity (AT) data for each of five oceanographic regimes within an area-weighted uncertainty of ±8.1 mmol kg 1 (1s). Globally coherent surface AT data (n = 5,692) used to derive regional correlations of ATwith SSS and SSTwere colle...

State-shared, context-dependent, acoustic HMM's are the basis of practically all large-vocabulary state-of-the-art speech recognition systems. The topology, i.e. state-sharing, is usually trained by decision tree based clustering of similar phonetic contexts, i.e. divisive clustering on the state level. In this paper, we show that Phonetic Decision Trees (PDT) and Maximum Likelihood Successive ...

Pure metallic nickel submicron spheres (Ni-SSs), flower-like nickel nanoflakes, and hollow micrometer-sized nickel spheres/tubes were controllably synthesized by a facile and efficient one-step solvothermal method with no reducing agent. The characteristics of these nickel nanostructures include morphology, structure, and purification. Possible synthesis mechanisms were discussed in detail. The...

This study evaluated the ability of the slipping slipper sign (defined as unknowingly losing a slipper while walking) to identify diabetic neuropathy in Jamaican patients. A single question was used to ascertain the presence of the slipping slipper sign (SSS) among 69 patients attending a diabetes clinic. Nurses assessed pain, vibration and pressure perception among the same patients in order t...

A variety of myocardial lesions have been demonstrated in atrial muscle in patients with sick sinus syndrome (SSS), but the right ventricular myocardium has not been studied in detail in a large series. Therefore, we performed right ventricular endomyocardial biopsies in 25 patients with SSS (SSS group), and the presence or absence of ventricular myocardial lesions was determined histologically...

BACKGROUND Myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) traditionally requires the patient to be in the supine position, but diaphragmatic attenuation of the inferior wall reduces test specificity. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of combined MPS in the supine and prone positions using a novel cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) camera. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 276 consecutive patients ...

BACKGROUND It is well known that familial sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is caused by functional alterations of ion channels and gap junction. Limited information is available on the mechanism of age-related non-familial SSS. Although evidence shows a close link between arrhythmia and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), it remains to be determined whether the RAS is involved in the pathogenesis of n...

OBJECTIVE In middle-aged and older samples, perceived subjective socioeconomic status (SSS) is a marker of social rank that is associated with elevated inflammation and cardiovascular disease risk independent of objective indicators of SES (oSES). Whether SSS is uniquely associated with elevated inflammation during young adulthood and whether these linkages differ by sex have not been studied u...

In this paper, two smoothing effects are firstly pointed out by analysis and by experiment on Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP) instances. We design a novel algorithm which runs stochastic local search under the SSS framework. The function determining the accepting probability of uphill moves is designed so that the algorithm can take advantage of the local smoothing effect ignored in original SS...