Humans share with seals the ability to contract the spleen and increase circulating hematocrit, which may improve apneic performance by enhancing gas storage. Seals have large spleens and while human spleen size is small in comparison, it shows great individual variation. Unlike many marine mammals, human divers rely to a great extent on lung oxygen stores, but the impact of lung volume on comp...

Autoimmune disturbances and metabolic abnormalities observed in vitiligo, a disease of still unclear etiology, may provide evidence on the systemic nature of the disease. The aim of the study was to assess functional and morphological parameters of the liver and spleen, as well as the lipid profile in vitiligo-affected children, in order to ascertain whether any metabolic abnormalities or struc...

primary splenic cyst is a rare entity and majority of the cases are classified as epithelial cysts. they are uncommon, comprising only about 10% of benign non-parasitic cysts. most of the cysts are asymptomatic, and they are incidental findings during abdominal ultrasonography. we report a case of 20 years old male who presented with 1 year history of mild abdominal pain and left upper quadrant...

Cell sizes can differ vastly between cell types in individual metazoan organisms. In rat liver, spleen, and thymus, differences in average cell size roughly reflect differences in RNA:DNA ratios. For example, hepatocytes were found to have a cytoplasmic:nuclear volume ratio and an RNA:DNA ratio which were 34- and 21-fold higher, respectively, than those in thymocytes. RNA synthesis per DNA-equi...

In spite of the immense benefits from iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IOMNs), there is scanty information regarding their metabolic activities and toxicity in vivo. In this study, we investigated the size dependent in vivo biodistribution, toxicokinetics, and toxicity and gene expression changes of various sizes of carboxyl coated IOMNs (diameters of 10, 20, 30, and 40 nm). Our findings demo...

Hatchery-reared fish show high mortalities after release to the wild environment. Explanations for this include potentially predetermined genetics, behavioral, and physiological acclimation to fish farm environments, and increased vulnerability to predation and parasitism in the wild. We studied vulnerability to Diplostomum spp. parasites (load of eye flukes in the lenses), immune defense (rela...

a 49 year old man with previous history of colectomy for colon cancer was referred to our department for further evaluation of suspicious hepatic lesions noticed during an abdominal ct scan. 99mtc-rbc scan revealed multiple hot spots in the region of the liver, correlating to the ct and liver-spleen scan. further follow-ups of the patient revealed no remarkable change in the size or number of t...

A case of acute splenitis ending in suppuration occurred. The man had been ill for a considerable time at Loodiana with fever. A few days after rejoining head-quarters, he complained of great pain in the side, and the spleen was acutely tender and enlarged to the size of a large lish. It was leeched and blistered. A few days later, fluctuation could be felt in the spleen, and the pain continued...