نتایج جستجو برای: spindles
تعداد نتایج: 3769 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Static fusimotor innervation was compared in cat peroneus longus and tertius muscles because the gamma to spindle ratio is considerably higher in the longus (approximately 60 gamma axons for 17 spindles) than in the tertius (approximately 24 gamma axons for 14 spindles). Single gamma axons were identified as static (gamma(s)) by their typical effects on the response of primary ending to ramp st...
Sleep spindles are characteristic electroencephalogram (EEG) signatures of stage 2 non-rapid eye movement sleep. Implicated in sleep regulation and cognitive functioning, spindles may represent heritable biomarkers of neuropsychiatric disease. Here we characterize spindles in 11,630 individuals aged 4 to 97 years, as a prelude to future genetic studies. Spindle properties are highly reliable bu...
Every night, the human brain produces thousands of downstates and spindles during non-REM sleep. Previous studies indicate that spindles originate thalamically and downstates cortically, loosely grouping spindle occurrence. However, the mechanisms whereby the thalamus and cortex interact in generating these sleep phenomena remain poorly understood. Using bipolar depth recordings, we report here...
The function of the spindle to accurately segregate chromosomes during cell division is universal among eukaryotes. A common feature of metaphase spindles is their bipolar structure, with microtubule (MT) minus ends pointing toward the poles and MT plus ends toward the center, with a subset of them connecting to chromosomes at the kinetochores. However, wide variation in spindle assembly, size,...
Assembly of the mitotic spindle is a classic example of macromolecular self-organization. During spindle assembly, microtubules (MTs) accumulate around chromatin. In centrosomal spindles, centrosomes at the spindle poles are the dominating source of MT production. However, many systems assemble anastral spindles, i.e., spindles without centrosomes at the poles. How anastral spindles produce and...
Abstract Purpose of review This paper reviews all optogenetic studies that directly test various sleep states, traits, and circuit-level activity profiles for the consolidation different learning tasks. Recent findings Inhibiting or exciting neurons involved either in production states encoding memories reveals traits are essential memory. REM sleep, NREM N2 transition to (characterized by spin...
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