Although memantine blocks sodium currents and produces local skin anesthesia, spinal anesthesia with memantine is unknown. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the local anesthetic effect of memantine in spinal anesthesia and its comparison with a widely used local anesthetic lidocaine. After intrathecally injecting the rats with five doses of each drug, the dose-response curves of memantin...

A seventeen-year-old pregnant woman with a mesencephalic tumor and ventriculoperitoneal (VP) drainage was admitted to the hospital at full term pregnancy to give birth. Elective cesarean section was performed because of her prime disease (mesencephalic tumor), breech position of the baby, gestational diabetes and expected weight of the baby of more than 4 kg. The operation was performed under s...

SUMMARY General anaesthesia is the fastest method for anaesthetising a category-1 caesarean section but is associated with increased maternal morbidity and mortality. We describe the 'rapid sequence spinal' to minimise anaesthetic time. This consists of a no-touch spinal technique, consideration of omission of the spinal opioid, limiting spinal attempts, allowing the start of surgery before ful...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Lidocaine concentration potentially able to determine nervous tissue injury is still not well established. This study aimed at investigating the effect of increasing spinal lidocaine concentrations in single injection through Quincke needle. METHODS After the Animal Experiment Ethical Committee approval, 40 adult animals were anesthetized with fentanyl and etomidate ...

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of spinal block with low dose of bupivacaine and sufentanil on patients with low cardiac output who underwent lower limb surgery. Fifteen patients who had ejection fraction less than 40% (group 1) were compared with 65 cases with ejection fraction more than 40% (group 2) in our study. Our subjects underwent spinal block with 7.5 mg hyperbaric bupiv...

Spinal anesthesia is a simple technique that provides a deep and fast surgical block through the injection of small doses of local anesthetic solution into the subarachnoid space. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview on recent developments on local anesthetic drugs, side effects, and special techniques of intrathecal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia can be considered adequately saf...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In our study we aimed to investigate the effect of bupivacaine and levobupivacaine on QT, corrected QT (QTc), and P wave dispersion durations during spinal anesthesia in cesarean section. METHODS Sixty parturients scheduled for elective cesarean section in ASA I-II risk groups were included in the study. Baseline electrocardiographic (ECG) records of the patients wer...

The brachial plexus which innervates the upper limb has afferent from cervical and thoracic part of spinal cord. Due to its proximity other important vascular nervous structures, is mainly responsible for post block complications like temporary paralysis phrenic, recurrent laryngeal nerves or Horner's syndrome .