Orientation-selective neurons shift their preferred orientation after being adapted to a nonpreferred orientation. These shifts of the peaks of tuning curves may be in the attractive or repulsive direction in relation to the adapter orientation. In anesthetized cats, we recorded evoked electrical responses from the visual cortex in a conventional manner. The recorded spikes in cortex may presen...

Although our understanding of the cellular properties of mammalian neurons is increasing rapidly, the computational function of their elaborate dendritic trees is still mysterious. In recent years, experiments have shown that, in pyramidal cells, individual dendritic compartments sustain local excitation spikes.. These dendrites also support Hebbian synaptic plasticity, which depends on the pre...

We consider the Gierer-Meinhardt system with small inhibitor diffusivity, very small activator diffusivity and a precursor inhomogeneity. For any given positive integer k we construct a spike cluster consisting of k spikes which all approach the same nondegenerate local minimum point of the precursor inhomogeneity. We show that this spike cluster can be linearly stable. In particular, we show t...

Abstract We investigate sharp changes in magnetic field that can produce Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) which damage pipelines and power grids. use one‐minute cadence SuperMAG observations to find the occurrence distribution of “spikes.” Recent studies have determined recurrence statistics for extreme events charted local time spikes; however, their relation solar activity conditions w...

Bullfrog sympathetic ganglion cells were capable of producing action potentials (Ca spikes) in an isotonic (84 mM) CaCl2 solution. The peak level of Ca spikes showed an approximately 30 mv increase with a 10-fold increase in the Ca concentration. Na as well as Ca ions were capable of acting as charge carriers during the production of action potentials in a solution containing relatively high Ca...

INTRODUCTION In diagnosis of epilepsies electrophysiological findings play a key role. While spontaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and EEG with sleep deprivation (EEGsd) are widely evaluated and used, application of magnetoencephalography (MEG) in this field is primarily limited to presurgical assessment of focal epilepsies. METHODS In this study we retrospectively compared MEG (M/EEG) and...

Properties of calcium spikes revealed during GABAA receptor antagonism in hippocampal CA1 neurons from guinea pigs. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 2269-2279, 1997. Intracellular electrical responses and changes in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in response to activation of synaptic inputs and to DC injections were recorded simultaneously from CA1 pyramidal neurons (n = 42) in guinea pig hi...

The sensory pudendal nerve (SPN) was stimulated in decerebrate female cats. Spikes of single Ia muscle spindle afferents from the medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle were recorded in dorsal root filaments. Electroneurography (ENG) was recorded in a cut nerve filament to the MG muscle; MG electromyography (EMG) was also recorded. Single shock to SPN induced discharges of small ENG spikes (SS) with ...

The thrust for jumping in froghopper insects is produced by a rapid, synchronous depression of both hind legs generated by huge, multipartite trochanteral depressor muscles in the thorax and smaller levator muscles in the coxae. A three-phase motor pattern activates these muscles in jumping. First, a levation phase lasts a few hundred milliseconds, in which a burst of spikes in the trochanteral...

Cryo-electron microscopy projection image analysis and tomography is used to describe the overall architecture of influenza B/Lee/40. Algebraic reconstruction techniques with utilization of volume elements (blobs) are employed to reconstruct tomograms of this pleomorphic virus and distinguish viral surface spikes. The purpose of this research is to examine the architecture of influenza type B v...