In many countries, particularly developing countries, economic reforms, especially privatization, are considered as a strategic approach. The growth of the government decreases the competition in the market, and so, some fields should be privatized in order to create the competition.  By moving towards privatization and the changes in competition methods and the presentation of the World Trade,...

The Swedish food retail market contains of three major actors, ICA, KF and Axfood, all in all dominating 75 percent of the total market shares. The scant number of retailing actors indicates that the Swedish food retail market is a highly concentrated oligopoly, which as a fact has given rise to definite discussions and argumentations concerning the market situation. But is the food retail mark...

In this article, we propose a general two species contest competition model subject to Allee effects and study its population dynamics to obtain insights on how the interplay of Allee effects and contest competitions affect the persistence and the extinction of two competing species. By using the monotone dynamical theory and the properties of critical curves for non-invertible maps, our analys...

Understanding the causes of substitution rate variation is an important goal in the study of molecular evolution. It has been proposed that sperm competition intensity may affect genome-wide rates of substitution as a by-product of selection on sperm numbers. Here, I test this hypothesis by applying recently developed Bayesian methods to a data set consisting of approximately 35 kb of sequence ...

Remotely sensed land surface temperature and fractional vegetation coverage (LST/FVC) space has been widely used in modeling and partitioning land surface evaporative fraction (EF) which is important in managing water resources. However, most of such models are based on conventional trapezoid and simply determine the wet edge as air temperature (Ta) or the lowest LST value in an image. We devel...