The purpose of the present study is to propose a scheme to estimate whole-body averaged specific absorption rate (WBA-SAR) in the whole-body resonance and GHz frequency regions. The motivation is that WBA-SARs in the child models in these frequency regions have been reported to approach to the basic restrictions in the international guidelines/standards. In the resonance frequency region, we pr...

Introduction The local specific absorption rate (SAR) becomes a limiting factor for many MR imaging applications with increasing field strength. However, tailoring of the underlying electric fields (E-fields) in the RF pulse design process is possible when using parallel Tx systems. Different approaches exist to reduce SAR in parallel transmission. Minimal SAR RF pulses can be selected from the...

This paper presents new definitions for obtaining reproducible results in numerical phone dosimetry. Numerous numerical dosimetric studies have been published about the exposure of mobile phone users which concluded with conflicting results. However, many of these studies lack reproducibility due to shortcomings in the description of the phone positioning. The new approach was tested by two gro...

Phantoms are often used to simulate tissue during the development, testing and calibration of medical devices. In order to infer the specific absorption rate (SAR) and resistive heating in phantoms from temperature measurements, the specific heat capacity and density of the phantom are needed. Stauffer et al (2003 Int. J. Hyperth. 19 89-101) developed several phantoms that mimic dielectric prop...

This paper presents an approach to modeling of field penetration and gives contribution to understanding the real effects of the fields and the sensitivity of human model to electromagnetic radiation generated by mobile antenna. When a human body is exposed to the electromagnetic radiation, because human body contain 70% of liquid, and it contain more liquid near of head, heart, abdomen (near o...

The peak spatial specific absorption rate (SAR) assessed with the standardized specific anthropometric mannequin head phantom has been shown to yield a conservative exposure estimate for both adults and children using mobile phones. There are, however, questions remaining concerning the impact of age-dependent dielectric tissue properties and age-dependent proportions of the skull, face and ear...

Each mobile phone emits electromagnetic energy from the radio frequency, and amount of that absorbed by human head is measured specific absorption rate (SAR). There are standard limits, based on cell phones should be below a certain SAR. This paper designs simulates Planar Inverted F- Antenna (PIFA). The antenna distributed grounded end to intermediate point. configuration more straightforward ...

Microwave hyperthermia aims at selectively heating cancer cells to a supra-physiological temperature. For non-superficial tumors, this can be achieved by means of an antenna array equipped with proper cooling system (the water bolus) avoid overheating the skin. In patient-specific treatment planning, feedings are optimized maximize specific absorption rate (SAR) inside tumor, or directly temper...

Since the 1990’s, use of mobile phones has augmented worldwide generating a public concern as to whether frequent utilization of such devices is unsafe. This provoked EMF researchers to find suitable techniques of assessing radiation blueprint and exposure hazards if any. Most research groups focused on two techniques: experimental measurements and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) computati...

PURPOSE We compare the performance of eight parallel transmit (pTx) body arrays with up to 32 channels and a standard birdcage design. Excitation uniformity, local specific absorption rate (SAR), global SAR, and power metrics are analyzed in the torso at 3 T for radiofrequency (RF)-shimming and 2-spoke excitations. METHODS We used a fast cosimulation strategy for field calculation in the pres...