Estimation of soil hydraulic and solute transport parameters is important to provide input parameters for numerical models simulating transient water ̄ow and solute transport in the vadose zone. The Levenberg±Marquardt optimization algorithm in combination with the HYDRUS-1D numerical code was used to inversely estimate unsaturated soil-hydraulic and solute transport parameters from transient m...

An operational definition of collective cage variables previously introduced for liquid argon is extended, via a molecular dynamics study, to the rotational properties of axially symmetric molecules. Quantitative measures of the static and dynamic cage properties are extracted for liquid Cl2 near the triple point. The collective cage variables are well described by the potential acting on an ar...

Although coated vesicles can mediate both solute and receptor-mediated endocytosis, there are other kinds of endocytic vesicles that contribute to these processes. The relative contributions of these other organelles, particularly regarding solute influx, remains unsettled. Here we describe a physiological uncoupling of solute and receptor-mediated endocytosis that occurs during growth factor-s...

A new boiling system for the production of improved VHP sugar is proposed. This modified scheme requires only minor changes to pipe-work in the factory and it is estimated that steam consumption will only be increased marginally.

This study investigated the different performance levels of the workers in the Chittoor Sugar factory located at the Chittoor town of South India. It was also studied how the factors education and work experience influence the performance levels of the workers in the firm. Upon study it has been understood that the two variables under investigation have direct effect on the performance of the w...

Measurements of diffusion and partitioning of solutes having molecular weights ranging 180-66 000 in PVA gel membranes with various crosslinking degree were carried out. With increasing solute size or decreasing number of average molecular weight between crosslinks of the membranes, both the solute permeability and partition coefficient decreased. In spite of similar solute sizes, the more hydr...

Our previous studies on solute drag on frog skin and synthetic heteropore membranes have been extended to a synthetic homopore membrane. The 150-A radius pores of this membrane are formed by irradiation and etching of polycarbonate films. The membrane is 6-microm thick and it has 6 x 10(8) pores cm(-2). In this study, sucrose has been used as the driver solute with bulk flow blocked by hydrosta...

Implicit solvent models for biomolecular simulations are reviewed and their underlying statistical mechanical basis is discussed. The fundamental quantity that implicit models seek to approximate is the solute potential of mean force, which determines the statistical weight of solute conformations, and which is obtained by averaging over the solvent degrees of freedom. It is possible to express...