This paper presents two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations of a half-scale geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) bridge abutment during construction load application. The backfill was characterized using nonlinear elastoplastic model that incorporates hyperbolic stress–strain relationship the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion. Geogrid reinforcements were linearly elasti...

In this paper, the law of radial envelope forming (REF) thin wall cylinder with vertical reinforcements is studied by finite element numerical simulation. First, a model for REF established using Deform-3D software. Then, evolution and distribution strain metal flow velocity during are analyzed, growth reinforcement analyzed in detail. The results show that compression strain, circumferential t...

This article concerns the problem and its solution in judging fuzzy rule bases according to environmental reinforcements. We porpose an on-line, incremental credit assignment algorithm , which takes environmental reinforcement as input and assigns credit to individual rules. The proposed approach adopts simple updating policy based on recency-weighted average, and demands only small amount of m...

Connections of distributed generation (DG) systems to distribution networks are increasing in number, though they may often be associated with the need of costly grid reinforcements or new control issues to maintain optimal operation. Appropriate analysis tools are required to check distribution networks operating conditions in the evolving scenario. Load flow (LF) calculations are typically ne...

In mathematical models of concept learning it has consistently been assumed that positive reinforcement cannot lead to a change of the hypothesis determining the overt response. When hypotheses are experimentally identified and recorded along with positive and negative reinforcements of stimulus-response pairs, it can be shown that hypotheses may change after a positive reinforcement. Positive ...

Open-cell and closed-cell metal foams have been reinforced with different kinds of micro- and nano-sized reinforcements to enhance their mechanical properties of the metallic matrix. The idea behind this is that the reinforcement will strengthen the matrix of the cell edges and cell walls and provide high strength and stiffness. This manuscript provides an updated overview of the different manu...