Grain legumes convert atmospheric N2 to reactive N through symbiosis with N2-fixing rhizobia. Biological N2 fixation associated with legumes and the subsequent decomposition of legume residues are the primary processes that replenish N removed by harvest in agroecosystems without the addition of fertilizer N (Galloway et al., 1995, Peoples et al., 1995). Therefore, legumes are often included in...

Interest in liquefaction has increased owing to the increasing occurrence of country. According previous studies, factors that influence include grain size distribution, plasticity, relative density, overconsolidation ratio, and confining conditions. In this study, possibility was evaluated based on distribution soil plasticity. Based a clear correlation between resistance two samples could not...

A computer simulation model was developed to determine the likely response of grain yield and quality of malting barley crops to differing availability of water or nitrogen (N) and differing soil and climatic conditions. The model was validated for New Zealand conditions by comparing the results of model simulations with data from malting barley crops grown in the Manawatu. Simulations were the...

A long-term experiment was carried out under field conditions in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating the concentration of Ba in soil and in maize plants grown in a soil treated with sewage sludge for nine consecutive years. During 2005/2006, maize was used as test plants and the experimental design was in randomized complete blocks with four treatments and five replicates....

Shortage of water resources is a major limiting factor for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in the North China Plain. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of supplemental irrigation (SI) on water use characteristics and grain yield of the wheat cultivars ‘Jimai 22’and ‘Zhouyuan 9369’. Two supplemental irrigation treatment regimens were designed based on target relati...

Increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and associated soil warming along with global climate change are expected to have large impacts on grain mineral nutrition in wheat. The effects of CO2 elevation (700 μmol l(-1)) and soil warming (+2.4 °C) on K, Ca and Mg concentrations in the xylem sap and their partitioning in different organs of wheat plant during grain filling were investiga...

NT will reduce soybean grain yields and economic returns, particularly during the first few years of adoption. Farmers have been encouraged to adopt no-tillage (NT) because Soybean grain yield response to NT systems depends of its positive environmental effects compared with other conservation tillage systems. Nevertheless, poor crop performance under NT manmainly upon soil drainage and previou...

The spread of vegetable production around Lhasa, Tibet, China, with high nitrogen fertiliser use may cause accelerated acidification which has consequences for soil productivity. In order to understand the different patterns of soil acidity in Lhasa, Tibet, China three patterns of land use were studied namely: grain, openfield vegetable, and greenhouse vegetable. Fertilizer application was high...

This study tested the hypothesis that the interaction between polyamines and ethylene may mediate the effects of soil drying on grain filling of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Two rice cultivars were pot grown. Three treatments, well-watered, moderate soil drying (MD), and severe soil drying (SD), were imposed from 8 d post-anthesis until maturity. The endosperm cell division rate, grain-filling rate,...