in reality, most structures involved in geotechnical engineering are three dimensional in nature, and although in many, plane strain or axisymmetric approximations are reasonable, there are some, for which 3-d treatment is required. the quantity of data, and the size of the various vectors and matrices involved in such analysis, increase dramatically. this has sever implications for computer r...

Introduction Water erosion is one of the most important factors in land degradation in large parts of Iran destroying fertile soils and agricultural land. The impact of soil erosion and related sediments decreases significantly water quality and reservoir capacity. Especially in semiarid areas like in the Menderjan watershed in the west Isfahan province sheet and rill erosion contributes to th...

1- Introduction The gully erosion occurrence, due to the high rate of sediment production in the watershed, is one of the problems of natural resources management in the context of soil management and protection. It is known as an important signature of land degradation and forming as well as a source of sediment in a range of environments. Gully erosion often has severe environmental and econ...

Introduction: Soil erosion is the most important factor in damaging and decreasing the productivity of agricultural soils. Moreover, as the transfer of sediments rich in nutrients through the soil leads to soil erosion and in turn to the decrease in the dams’ reservoirs’ storage capacity, bringing about adverse economic and eco-environmental consequences such as damage to land resources and dec...

Soil erosion is an important economical, social and environmental problem requiring intensive watershed management for its control. In recent years, modeling has become a useful approach for assessing the impact of various erosion-reduction approaches. ِDue to limited hydrologic data in mountainous watersheds, watershed modeling is, however, subject to large uncertainties. In this study, SWAT200...