BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene, is associated with severe cardiac complications including cardiomyopathy and cardiac arrhythmias. Recent research suggests that impaired voltage-gated ion channels in dystrophic cardiomyocytes accompany cardiac pathology. It is, however, unknown if the ion channel defects are primary effects of dystrophic ...

Except when used briefly or at low (< 2 mcg/kg/min) infus ion rates , sodium nitropruss ide gives rise to important quantities of cyanide ion, which can reach toxic, potentially lethal levels (see WARNINGS). The usual dose rate is 0.5 to 10 mcg/kg/min, but infus ion at the maximum dose rate should never las t more than 10 minutes . If blood pressure has not been adequately controlled after 10 m...

In the structure of the title compound, {[Na(C6H15N3O3)]Br} n , the sodium cation and the bromide anion are both located on threefold rotation axes. The sodium cation is bonded to the three hy-droxy groups of one 1,3,5-triamino-1,3,5-tride-oxy-cis-inositol (taci) ligand, with the taci ligand residing around the same threefold rotation axis as the sodium ion. The coordination sphere of the sodiu...

Sodium intake is important to maintain proper osmolarity and volume of extracellular fluid in vertebrates. The ability to find sources of sodium ions for managing electrolyte homeostasis relies on the activity of the taste system to sense salt. Several studies have been performed to understand the mechanisms underlying Na+ reception in taste cells, the peripheral detectors for food chemicals. I...

We present molecular dynamics simulations of a multicomponent, asymmetric bilayer in mixed aqueous solutions of sodium and potassium chloride. Because of the geometry of the system, there are two aqueous solution regions in our simulations: one mimics the intracellular region, and one mimics the extracellular region. Ion-specific effects are evident at the membrane/aqueous solution interface. N...

The title mixed-alkali-metal molybdenium oxide, hexa-kis-(lithium/sodium) undeca-molybdate, was synthesized by solid-state reaction at 793 K. Its [Mo11O36](6-) framework is built up from MoO6 octa-hedra and MoO5 pyramids linked together by edges and vertices. The framework delimits two types of inter-secting tunnels running along [100] and [001], where the sodium and lithium ions are located. T...

A maximum sodium capacity of ∼35 mAh/g has hampered the use of crystalline carbon nanostructures for sodium ion battery anodes. We demonstrate that a diglyme solvent shell encapsulating a sodium ion acts as a "nonstick" coating to facilitate rapid ion insertion into crystalline few-layer graphene and bypass slow desolvation kinetics. This yields storage capacities above 150 mAh/g, cycling perfo...

Nanoengineering of electrode materials can directly facilitate sodium ion accessibility and transport, thus enhancing electrochemical performance in sodium ion batteries. Here, highly sodium-accessible carbon coated nanoporous TiO2 microfibers have been synthesised via the facile electrospinning technique which can deliver an enhanced capacity of ≈167 mAh g-1 after 450 cycles at current density...

We investigate the effects of channel noise on firing coherence of Watts-Strogatz small-world networks consisting of biophysically realistic HH neurons having a fraction of blocked voltage-gated sodium and potassium ion channels embedded in their neuronal membranes. The intensity of channel noise is determined by the number of non-blocked ion channels, which depends on the fraction of working i...