The principal-agent problem is fundamental to organization design. A principal must negotiate an incentive contract to motivate a more risk averse agent to undertake costly actions that cannot be observed. In rational choice theory, the problem is solved through an inefficient shifting of risk from principal to agent. However neither field studies nor prior experiments have observed the types o...

Based on social exchange theory, this study develops a research model to examine why people disclose personal information on health social networks. The observations collected from a survey study provide supporting evidence for most of the hypothesized relationships among emotional intensity, informational needs, social needs, informational privacy concerns, social privacy concerns and self-dis...

This paper describes the need and the search to date for a normative moral foundation for marketing. Social contract theory appears promising because of its clear correspondence to the exchange relationships central to marketing thought and practice. It is introduced in a specific formulation known as Integrative Social Contracts Theory. ISCT provides a coherent framework for resolving ethical ...

OBJECTIVE Characterize the process of family vegetable selection (especially cruciferous, deep orange, and dark green leafy vegetables); demonstrate the usefulness of Exchange Theory (how family norms and experiences interact with rewards and costs) for interpreting the data. DESIGN Eight focus groups, 2 with each segment (men/women vegetable likers/dislikers based on a screening form). Parti...

The high lever goal of the research activities in our groups is to extend the conventional information theory to develop theoretical tools that can be applied to a broader range of problems, including dynamic communications, networks, real-time communications, cooperative communications, etc. and even beyond the realm of communications, to understand the information exchange in algorithms, soci...

Efforts at cumulative knowledge building in social gerontology have been lax, judging from research articles published in journals between 1990 and 1994. Too little attention has been paid to the cumulative development of theory; readers are left with many empirical generalizations but underdeveloped explanations by which to interpret findings and build upon them in subsequent research. To assi...

The number T*(n, k) is the least positive integer such that every graph with n = (*:I) + t vertices (t > 0) and at least T*(n, k) edges contains k mutually vertex-disjoint complete subgraphs S, , S, ,..., Sk where S, has ivertices, I < i Q k. Obviously T*(n, k) > T(n, k), the Turan number of edges for a Ki . It is shown that if n > gkk” then equality holds and that there is c :0 such that for (...