PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To assess social support and psychological and physical states among Japanese patients with breast cancer and their spouses prior to surgery. DESIGN Descriptive, comparative, and correlational. SETTING A general hospital in northern Japan. SAMPLE 38 Japanese patients with breast cancer and their spouses (N = 76). METHODS The Japanese versions of three questionnaires w...

This study examined the degree to which social workers perceived experiencing ethical conflicts in the contexts of their practice environments. A sample of 376 NASW members filled out questionnaires to report on a Likert scale the degree to which eight vignettes describing practice situations presented a value conflict, were frequent, and were inevitable. Findings indicated that respondents ten...

Conflict over reproduction is an inherent part of group living. In many social vertebrates, conflict may be reflected as allostatic load, or the costs of social status and dominance rank, which may be quantified by measuring glucocorticoid stress hormones. Here, we develop the first quantitative model of allostatic load based on the tug-of-war model of reproductive skew to generate insights int...

Darwin was initially puzzled by the processes that led to ornamentation in males-what he termed sexual selection-and those that led to extreme cooperation and altruism in complex animal societies-what was later termed kin selection. Here, I explore the relationships between sexual and kin selection theory by examining how social competition for reproductive opportunities-particularly in females...

We report on a series of behavioral experiments in social networks in which human subjects continuously choose to play either a dominant role (called a King) or a submissive one (called a Pawn). Kings receive a higher payoff rate, but only if all their network neighbors are Pawns, and thus the maximum social welfare states correspond to maximum independent sets. We document that fairness is of ...

female- headed house holds as one of social harmful groups in front of various problems in life among exist conflict at family. the work roles cause doual roles which are important problem for wemen. in this research, effort to use from grounded theory method and done deep interview to 25 person from female- headed house holds refer to main problem of this women. results data analysis and parad...

Marital stress has been associated with immune dysregulation, including increased production of interleukin-6 (IL-6). Attachment style, one's expectations about the availability and responsiveness of others in intimate relationships, appears to influence physiological stress reactivity and thus could influence inflammatory responses to marital conflict. Thirty-five couples were invited for two ...

The complex social network theory is applied to solve the group doctor-patient conflict in present paper. Results showed that there were different interests in the evolution process of doctor-patient conflict. A complex network structure was developed around core interests and core nodes in the process of doctor-patient conflict. And this network structure can be reinforced under the law of "ro...

The existence of 'animal personality', i.e. consistent individual differences in behaviour across time and contexts, is an evolutionary puzzle that has recently generated considerable research interest. Although social factors are generally considered to be important, it is as yet unclear how they might select for personality. Drawing from ecological niche theory, we explore how social conflict...