TOPIC PAGE NUMBER 1. Antibiotic Therapy: Principles and Empiric Therapy ...................................................... 1-8 2. Antibiotic Therapy: Strategies for Resistant Infections ................................................. 9-20 3. Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs ..................................................................... 21-30 4. Analgesic Drugs: Opiates and Mis...

AIM To assess the feasibility and safety of a novel enteroscope, negative-pressure suction endoscope in examining the small intestine of a porcine model. METHODS In vitro experiments in small intestinal loops from 20 pigs and in vivo experiments in 20 living pigs were conducted. RESULTS In in vitro experiments, a negative pressure of > 0.06 MPa was necessary for optimal visualization of the...

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Introduction and purpose Cardiac T1 mapping allows for quantitative analysis of myocardial tissue properties. Pulse sequences for human applications are not suitable for in-vivo studies in small animals.The aim of this study was to develop a single magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach for comprehensive assessment of cardiac function and tissue properties in small animals with high heart ra...

The current status and challenges of small animal non-invasive imaging is briefly reviewed. The advantages of non-invasive studies on living animals versus post-mortem studies are evaluated. An argument is advanced that even in post-mortem situations, non-invasive imaging may play an important role in efficiently characterizing small animal phenotypes as well as pathology. Issues of data interp...

There is an urgent clinical need to develop new therapeutic approaches for treating cardiovascular disease, but the biology of cardiovascular regeneration is complex. Model systems are required to advance our understanding of the pathogenesis, progression, and mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease as well as to test therapeutic approaches to regenerate tissue and restore cardiac function...

Anticholinergics Anticholinergics are competitive antagonists of acetylcholine at post ganglionic parasympathetic muscurinic receptors. Stimulation of muscurinic receptors induces salivation, pupillary constriction, bronchoconstriction, gastric acid secretion, gastrointestinal motility, and slowing of the heart rate. The two most commonly used anticholinergics in veterinary medicine are atropin...

Preclinical research using well characterized small animal models has provided tremendous benefits to medical research, enabling low cost, large scale trials with high statistical significance of observed effects. The goal of the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform (SARRP) is to make those models available for the development and evaluation of novel radiation therapies. SARRP demonstrates ...

Small animal magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) has evolved significantly from testing the boundaries of imaging physics to its expanding use today as a tool in noninvasive biomedical investigations. MRM now increasingly provides functional information about living animals, with images of the beating heart, breathing lung, and functioning brain. Unlike clinical MRI, where the focus is on diagn...