We investigated the possibility of controlling thin film buckling patterns by varying the substrate curvature and the stress induced therein upon cooling. The numerical and experimental studies are based on a spherical Ag core/SiO(2) shell system. For Ag substrates with a relatively larger curvature, the dentlike triangular buckling pattern comes out when the film nominal stress exceeds a criti...

For Micro-electro-mechanical System (MEMS) applications, TiNi-based thin film Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) possess many desirable properties, such as high power density, large transformation stress and strain upon heating and cooling, superelasticity and biocompatibility. In this paper, recent development in TiNi-based thin film SMA and microactuator Thin film SMAs and microactuators 209 applicat...

the increase of cell temperature with increased irradiance is probably the mostsignificant disadvantage of using photovoltaic modules equipped with booster reflectors. the aimof this study is to investigate the possibility of improving the performance of a photovoltaic waterpumping system by using a booster reflector and to keep the temperature of pv panels at a lowlevel by cooling pv panels wi...

The factors affecting the lubrication effect of a ball bearing without cage and containing functional slot are analyzed, including structural parameters slot, speed rolling element, deformation contact surface, in order to establish initial oil volume equation. Based on multiple mesh method Matlab programming, established model is solved by obtaining distribution rules film pressure, thickness,...

Internal mist/steam blade cooling technology has been considered for the future generation of Advanced Turbine Systems (ATS). Fine water droplets of about 5 mm were carried by steam through a single slot jet onto a heated target surface in a confined channel. Experiments covered Reynolds numbers from 7500 to 25,000 and heat fluxes from 3 to 21 kW/m. The experimental results indicate that the co...

Different models of hypersonic diffusive hydrogen combustion in a thin viscous shuck layer (TVSL) at moderate Reynolds numbers have been developed. The study is based on computations of nonequilibrium multicomponent flowfield parameters of air-hydrogen mixture in the TVSL near the blunt probe. The structure of computed combustion zones is analyzed. Under conditions of slot and uniform injection...

Measurements of mean velocity, turbulence intensity, and turbulent shear stresses are presented for the mixing region of a film cooling situation in which the coolant is laterally injected. Measurements are performed using triple-wire anemometry so that all three mean velocity components are documented. Such measurements also give Reynolds stress terms in the flow field. Flow with one row of fi...

Cryopreservation is the most promising way for long-term storage of biological samples e.g., single cells and cellular structures. Among various cryopreservation methods, vitrification is advantageous by employing high cooling rate to avoid the formation of harmful ice crystals in cells. Most existing vitrification methods adopt direct contact of cells with liquid nitrogen to obtain high coolin...