The unintended vibrations and sound emerging from train operation have an enormous impact on the surroundings, including deterioration of way, buildings, structures. One proposed strategy to mitigate this issue is installation a rail pad inserted between steel concrete sleeper provide flexibility track cushion shocks generated by wheels’ movement. These materials nonlinear, dissipative properti...

The longitudinal variation of support stiffness is believed to be a key driver for the differential settlement of the ballast. This paper presents an innovative approach to correlate these two variables. In order to overcome the lack of input data, a statistical model is applied and the spatial correlation of the input stiffness data is controlled to generate naturally occurring variations. A l...

Sleep is preceded by physiological and behavioural events that inform the subject that it is time to sleep. Our hypothesis is that insomniacs do not adequately recognize such signals, thus missing the best time to go to bed. Eighty-seven chronic insomniac participants and 76 age-matched good sleeper controls were recruited. Semi-structured interviews focused on three aspects of nocturnal sleep:...

A Circadian Alertness Simulator (CAS) is presented as an interactive tool for assessing sleep behavior and fatigue risk in 24/7 operations. The simulation model uses as input sleep-wake data and information about individual sleep characteristics (short vs. long sleeper, morning type vs. evening type, napper vs. non-napper). The validation of the CAS model was based on a figure of merit function...

The rail fastening system plays a crucial role in railway tracks as it ensures operational safety by fixing the on to sleeper. Early detection of fastener defects is ensure track and enable maintenance optimization. Fastener inspections are normally conducted either manually trained personnel or using automated 2-D visual inspection methods. Such methods have drawbacks when visibility limited, ...

Abstract During track construction or ballast bed maintenance, layer compaction quality plays an essential role in the following irregularity accumulation, its lifecycle, and maintenance costs. The process is characterized by accumulation of stressed state. elastic wave propagation methods are effective way for identification properties. paper presents theoretical experimental studies consolida...