in present paper, housing has been considered as a multidimensional and heterogeneous item. its characteristics has been considered as key elements in determination of unit price of each building unit. the aim of the present paper is to determine the degree of importance which each charactericstics of housing has for users. there fore, hedonic price function of urbun housing in khoramabad estim...

background: one of the important sites for extrapulmonary tb involvement is the skeleton. tuberculous spondylitis (pott’s disease) comprises 50-70% of the skeletal tuberculosis. methods: in this case series study, we prospectively investigated the result of anterior surgery alone (anterior debridement, fusion and instrumentation) in the patients with spinal tuberculosis. the patients with immat...

A system is proposed in which case-based reasoning principles are applied to the wayfinding problem for computer games. As case-based reasoning is thought to mimic aspects of human thinking, applying this methodology can provide more convincing non-player character behaviour. Additionally, knowledge re-use could provide performance gains through a reduction in redundant computation. Agents stor...

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As human beings venture into space in the 21st century, they will be confronted with a "hypodynamic" and thus hostile environment for the bone homeostasis, that could potentially compromise their mobility in general and skeletal strength in particular after landing. From this point of view, space flight studies are especially interesting and intriguing models for scientists. Space studies, howe...

Bone and soft tissue disease is kind of detrimental disease and the precise diagnosis and timely therapy is also the clinical doctors’ object of a prolonged endeavour. This chapter will introduce the diagnostic and therapeutic methods of bone and soft tissue diseases with nuclear medicine techniques. The singular advantages of skeletal scintigraphy are high sensitivity in detecting early diseas...

introduction: in patients with cardiac artery disease, a myocardial perfusion scan, which is a non-invasive method, is utilized. this study is conducted to develop an advantageous software applicable to quantitative myocardial spect perfusion. material and methods: each cross-section of the left ventricle was segmented by applying a fuzzy clustering method. after obtaining the myocardial skelet...

297 (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 10. (a) Vertex classification based on Gaussian curvature (b) high curvature regions are depicted in red; (c) topological rings expanded from the centres of high curvature regions (d) obtained graph. (a) (b) (c) Figure 9. A graph-like representation of the centerline proposed in[20]. (a) (b) Figure 6. (a) Topology changes with respect to the direction f, (b) Reeb grap...

In this paper we study the spanning ratio of the βskeletons for β ∈ [0, 2]. Both our upper-bounds and lower-bounds improve the previously best known results [10, 12].

Skeleton Climbing is an algorithm that builds triangulated isosurfaces in 3D grid data, more economically than Marching Cubes, and without the time penalty of current mesh decimation algorithms. Building the surface from its intersections with grid edges (1-skeleton), then faces (2-skeleton), then cubes (3-skeleton), treats the data in a uniform way; this allows a 25% reduction in the number of...