OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the feasibility of coronary sinus flow velocity analysis by transesophageal Doppler echocardiography for estimation of coronary flow reserve in patients with syndrome X and patients with coronary artery disease. BACKGROUND Coronary flow reserve provides useful information in patients with coronary artery disease and patients with syndrome X. Current m...

A 50-year-old university professor originally from South America had a 3-day history of paroxysmal attacks of rapid palpitations accompanied by near syncope and followed by transient flushing of her head and neck. She had a history of rheumatic mitral valve stenosis due to rheumatic fever at age 15, for which successful mitral commissurotomy was performed at age 36. Subsequently, recurrent atta...

Cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS) is a condition characterized by multiple cranial nerve palsies manifesting with ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, and facial sensory loss due to involvement of adjacent cranial nerves. Tumors, trauma, and vascular, infectious, and noninfectious inflammatory disorders have all been described as causes. Lymphomas have been reported to involve the cavernous sinus, both as pri...

We present a case of silent sinus syndrome (SSS) who underwent unilateral surgical endoscopic maxillary meatotomy. Orbital floor reconstruction is delayed after follow up. Enophthalmos recovered 8 months after the surgery and radiologic findings improved. SSS is a clinical entity that should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of enophthalmos and can be treated successfully via endosc...

The intrinsic heart rate (IHR) was determined in 17 patients with symptomatic sinus bradycardia by administering atropine 0.04 mg/kg and propranolol 0.2 mg/kg, i.v. In this way, sick sinus (SSS) patients with intrinsic sinus node (SN) dysfunction could be distinguished from those patients with disturbed autonomic regulation of SN function. Sick sinus syndrome patients with normal corrected sinu...