نتایج جستجو برای: silent mutation

تعداد نتایج: 308217  

Journal: :Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening 2006
Miguel Alcalde Miren Zumárraga Julio Polaina Antonio Ballesteros Francisco J Plou

Combinatorial saturation mutagenesis -CSM- is a valuable tool for improving enzymatic properties from hot-spot residues discovered by directed enzyme evolution or performing semi-rational studies. CSM coupled to a reliable high-throughput screening assay -coefficient of variance below 10%- has been used to enhance turnover rates in the fungal laccase variant T2 from Myceliophthora thermophila. ...

2014
C J Hernández-Frederick A S Giani N Cereb J Sauter R Silva-González J Pingel A H Schmidt G Ehninger S Y Yang

We describe 2127 new human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles found in registered stem cell donors. These alleles represent 28.9% of the currently known class I alleles. Comparing new allele sequences to homologous sequences, we found 68.1% nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions, 28.9% silent mutations and 3.0% nonsense mutations. Many substitutions occurred at positions that have not been...

2017
Adebisi Ajileye Nataly Alvarez Matthias Merker Timothy M Walker Suriya Akter Kerstin Brown Danesh Moradigaravand Thomas Schön Sönke Andres Viola Schleusener Shaheed V Omar Francesc Coll Hairong Huang Roland Diel Nazir Ismail Julian Parkhill Bouke C de Jong Tim E A Peto Derrick W Crook Stefan Niemann Jaime Robledo E Grace Smith Sharon J Peacock Claudio U Köser

In this study, using the Hain GenoType MTBDRsl assays (versions 1 and 2), we found that some nonsynonymous and synonymous mutations in gyrA in Mycobacterium tuberculosis result in systematic false-resistance results to fluoroquinolones by preventing the binding of wild-type probes. Moreover, such mutations can prevent the binding of mutant probes designed for the identification of specific resi...

2016
Xiuzhang Li Hui Song Yu Kuang Shuihong Chen Pei Tian Chunjie Li Zhibiao Nan

Analysis of codon usage data has both practical and theoretical applications in understanding the basics of molecular biology. Differences in codon usage patterns among genes reflect variations in local base compositional biases and the intensity of natural selection. Recently, there have been several reports related to codon usage in fungi, but little is known about codon usage bias in Epichlo...

2017
Erik Lundin Po-Cheng Tang Lionel Guy Joakim Näsvall Dan I Andersson

The distribution of fitness effects (DFE) of mutations is a factor of fundamental importance in evolutionary biology. We determined the DFE of 510 mutants that each carried between 1 to 10 mutations (synonymous and non-synonymous) in the hisA gene, encoding an essential enzyme in the L-histidine biosynthesis pathway of Salmonella enterica. For the full set of mutants, the distribution was bimod...

Journal: :The Journal of Experimental Medicine 1988
S Levy E Mendel S Kon Z Avnur R Levy

The genes coding for the Ig light chains expressed in two cases of human follicular lymphoma were cloned and sequenced. In each case, multiple independent isolates of the tumor population were compared. Although each tumor represented a single clone of B cells with a unique V/J joint, different cells within each tumor had accumulated multiple point mutations in the V gene during clonal expansio...

2013
Andrey Chursov Dmitrij Frishman Alexander Shneider

Recent reports indicate that mutations in viral genomes tend to preserve RNA secondary structure, and those mutations that disrupt secondary structural elements may reduce gene expression levels, thereby serving as a functional knockout. In this article, we explore the conservation of secondary structures of mRNA coding regions, a previously unknown factor in bacterial evolution, by comparing t...

2014
Fernanda Veronese Oliveira Carla Vecchione Gurgel Tatiana Yuriko Kobayashi Thiago José Dionísio Lucimara Teixeira Neves Carlos Ferreira Santos Maria Aparecida Andrade Moreira Machado Thais Marchini Oliveira

The aim of this study was to report the clinical findings and the screening of mutations of amelogenin gene of a 7-year-old boy with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). The genomic DNA was extracted from saliva of patient and his family, followed by PCR and direct DNA sequencing. The c.261C>T mutation was found in samples of mother, father, and brother, but the mutation was not found in the sequence ...

Journal: :Bioinformatics 2002
Matthew J. Gonzales Jonathan M. Dugan Robert W. Shafer

SUMMARY Direct PCR sequencing on genetic material containing allelic mixtures results in sequences containing ambiguous nucleotides. Because codons exhibiting allelic mixtures present evidence of evolutionary pressure, it is important to include this information in the assessment of codon synonymy. We developed a program, 'Synonymous-Nonsynonymous Mutation Rates between Sequences Containing Amb...

Journal: :Molecular biology and evolution 2016
Deepa Agashe Mrudula Sane Kruttika Phalnikar Gaurav D Diwan Alefiyah Habibullah Norma Cecilia Martinez-Gomez Vinaya Sahasrabuddhe William Polachek Jue Wang Lon M Chubiz Christopher J Marx

Contrary to previous understanding, recent evidence indicates that synonymous codon changes may sometimes face strong selection. However, it remains difficult to generalize the nature, strength, and mechanism(s) of such selection. Previously, we showed that synonymous variants of a key enzyme-coding gene (fae) of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 decreased enzyme production and reduced fitness dr...

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