Many global climate models (GCMs) have difficulty in simulating variabilities over high northern latitudes. One of the main reasons is inability GCMs to simulate proper cloud fraction and amount liquid-containing region. This study assessed impact simulation latitudes by comparing long-term parallel simulations Community Atmosphere Model version 6 (CAM6) CAM5, previous version. The results show...

The relative roles of clouds, surface evaporation, and ocean heat transport in limiting maximum sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the western Pacific warm pool are investigated by means of simple and intermediate coupled ocean–atmosphere models. The authors first take an analytical approach by constructing a conceptual two-box model that contains dynamic coupling among the Walker circulation, ...

The direct and semi-direct radiative effects of anthropogenic aerosols on the radiative transfer and cloud fields in the Western United States (WUS) according to seasonal aerosol optical depth (AOD) and regional climate are examined using a regional climate model (RCM) in conjunction with the aerosol fields from a GEOS-Chem chemicaltransport model (CTM) simulation. The two radiative effects can...

The meteorological component of the CSRMC is based on a modified height coordinate prototype version of the nonhydrostatic, compressible Weather and Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The WRF model is a community model which is being developed in a collaborative effort by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), the Air Fo...

Observing Earth’s radiant energy budget from space is critical to improving our understanding of Earth’s climate system. The Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) (Barkstrom 1984; Barkstrom and Smith 1986) was the first initiative to provide simultaneous observations of Earth’s radiant energy with identical instruments flying aboard separate satellites. The design of the ERBE instrument was ...

Comprehensive model evaluation and comparison of two 3-D air quality modeling systems (i.e., the Weather Research and Forecast model (WRF)/Polyphemus and WRF with chemistry and the Model of Aerosol Dynamics, Reaction, Ionization, and Dissolution (MADRID) (WRF/ChemMADRID)) are conducted over Western Europe. Part 1 describes the background information for the model comparison and simulation desig...

A pond heat and temperature regulation (PHATR) model was designed to: (1) predict the temperature for earthen outdoor aquaculture ponds and (2) determine the size of energy transfer mechanisms affecting energy gains or losses for these ponds. The model solves a first order, no-linear differential equation using a 4th order Runge-Kutta numerical method and various input data (weather data, pond ...

We use in situ environmental measurements by the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission to obtain surface energy budget (SEB) across Curiosity's traverse during first 2500 sols of mission. This includes values downwelling shortwave solar radiation, upwelling radiation reflected surface, longwave from atmosphere, emitted sensible heat flux associated with turbulent motions, and latent water phase...

Solar radiation makes great influence on human perception of thermal balance and comfort. This study investigated the effect glazing system design factors comfort in presence solar aims to clarify relationship between performance through simulations. Specifically, a cellular office unit with different window sizes, types, shading devices was set for simulating environment based an integrated MR...