The proposed benchmark configuration concerns steady-state natural convection of water in the differentially heated cube-shaped cavity for temperatures close to the freezing point. Strongly non-linear buoyancy term allowed for thoughtful testing of several numerical approaches. After selecting the best performing one a new, very restrictive verification procedure is proposed. The verified numer...

Cyclofructins composed of six (CF6, 1) to ten (CF10, 5) β(1→2)-linked fructofuranose units (i.e. cyclo[D-Fruf β(1→2)]n with n = 6 10) were subjected to a detailed molecular modeling study. 1, 2, and 3 are disk-type shaped molecules without a cavity, whereas the nonamer (4) and decamer (5) adopt torus-like conformations that allow the formation of inclusion complexes similar to those of cyclodex...

Two macrotricyclic ligands composed of two face-to-face octadentate metal chelates were synthesized. These cage-shaped disodium complexes had special recognition ability for various counter anions. Specific chiral dicarboxylates bound to the complexes within the cavity and exhibited chirality induction properties. For instance, N-Boc-Asp dianion strongly induced circular dichroism (CD) signals,...

A simple novel cavity-independent method of determination of dielectric properties of arbitrarily shaped materials is presented. Complex permittivity is reconstructed using a neural networking procedure matching the measured and FDTD-modeled frequency characteristics of the reflection coefficient. High accuracy and practical suitability are demonstrated through numerical testing and determinati...

Au nanoparticles (NPs) deposited on a substrate function as ring shaped colloidal shadow masks. Using e-beam evaporation of gold, nanometer sized gaps are formed as a result. The size of these gaps can be accurately tuned by controlling the thickness of the gold deposition, thereby tuning the plasmonic coupling of the NPs with the substrate. The clean cavity produced between the Au NPs and the ...

A class of optical spatial solitons exhibiting propagation in a closed-loop orbit in a two-dimensional plane is presented. A closed-form particlelike model is derived, indicating that the quasi-centrifugal force acting on these solitons can be balanced by an inhomogeneity in the nonlinear index of refraction. Specifically, a circular-shaped nonlinear interface is shown to facilitate stable orbi...

RFO, Passo Fundo, v. 17, n. 1, p. 41-45, jan./abr. 2012 Objective: The aim of this present study was to determine the prevalence of developing lesions such as: antral pseudocyst, Stafne bone cavity and elongated stylohyoid complex in patients from the Dentistry Faculty of the Federal University of Pelotas – RS – Brazil. Methodology: A total of 667 panoramic radiographies were observed. Dome-sha...

CASE A 67-year-old woman complaining of continuous fresh vaginal hemorrhage came to our emergency department in a pre-shock state. Examinations revealed an irregularly shaped mass in the uterus and active arterial bleeding. Emergent hysterectomy and interventional radiology were not immediately available. Foley catheter with 20mL water was inserted into the uterine cavity, then the balloon was ...

A 3.5-nm coordination nanotube was self-assembled from 12 Pd(II) ions and four tape-shaped ligands with the aid of a 3.0-nm template. This tubular structure was unambiguously determined by the single-crystal X-ray analysis. Being cooperatively sustained by 24 Pd(II)-pyridine interactions, the framework was kinetically stable even when the template was removed. The empty tube was, of course, cap...

In this paper, we study a new problem of finding a convex drawing of graphs with a non-convex boundary. It is proved that every triconnected plane graph whose boundary is fixed with a star-shaped polygon admits a drawing in which every inner facial cycle is drawn as a convex polygon. Such a drawing, called an inner-convex drawing, can be obtained in linear time.