background and purpose: utilization of health care services and food influence the health status. the food and health care expenditure ratios determine the importance level of them in household's consumption expenditures. we aimed to investigate the iranian rural and urban food and health expenditure ratios inequality during 1998 to 2012. materials and methods: this is a descriptive longit...

According to the Ahlowalia hypothesis (1995), the growth of total factor productivity (TFP) beside infrastructure investments of government lead to income inequality decrease in rural areas of countries. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of public investments such as agricultural R&E, road, education and irrigation on income inequality in rural areas of Iran. In ord...

abstractthe role of sexual – self schema and body imag on women sexual function introduction: the aime of the present study is to investigate the role of sexual self-schema and body image on sexual function of married female nurses....... method: statistical population of the present study consist of all married female nurses of tehran government hospitals. from which 200 individuals were selec...

In recent years, sequential optimality conditions are frequently used for convergence of iterative methods to solve nonlinear constrained optimization problems. The sequential optimality conditions do not require any of the constraint qualications. In this paper, We present the necessary sequential complementary approximate Karush Kuhn Tucker (CAKKT) condition for a point to be a solution of a ...

BACKGROUND Globally, inequality between men and women manifests in a variety of ways. In particular, gender inequality increases the risk of perpetration of violence against women (VAW), especially intimate partner violence (IPV), by males. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 35 % of women have experienced physical, psychological and/or sexual IPV at least once in their lives, ma...

knowing income inequality in socio-economic subgroups helps us to achieve justice. the main goal of this study is to evaluate, decompose and compare the theil and atkinson inequality indices in terms of the inequality within and inequality between urban and rural area in tehran province during the 3rd and the 4th economic development program of iran. doing so, we used the micro households'...

conclusions as vaginismus can affect the stability of marriage, it is necessary to assess sexual dysfunction from all directions, including demographic characteristics and variables that affect the incidence of vaginismus. therefore, based on the data obtained, we can diagnose and properly treat sexual dysfunction, in time, and teach couples how to deal with it. patients and methods this study ...