within the components of communicative competence, a special emphasis is put on the “rules of politeness,” specifically the politeness strategies (brown and levinson, 1978) that speakers deploy when performing the request speech act. this is because the degree of imposition that making a request places upon one’s interlocutor(s) has been seen to be influenced by several factors among which, as ...

this study investigated (a) the learners’ existing reading strategy repertoire, (b) the effect of instruction in reading strategies on learners’ strategic performance, and (c) the effect of explicit instruction in top-down reading strategies on reading comprehension ability of intermediate learners. the study was conducted with 40 intermediate efl learners in two groups of experimental and cont...

abstract the purpose of this study was to find out the effect of applying the principles of group-dynamic assessment (g-da) on learning of conditional structures in english by iranian efl learners at the intermediate level, which according to the formal educational system in iran, includes students who are in their second year of studying in high schools of koohdasht city. this study was a qua...

فرض کنیمg یک گروه غیر آبلی متناهی باشد . گراف جابجایی g که با نماد نمایش داده می شود ،گرافی است ساده با مجموعه رئوس که در آن دو راس با یک یال به هم وصل می شوند اگر و تنها اگر . مکمل گراف جابجایی g راگراف نا جابجایی g می نامیم.و با نماد نشان می دهیم. گرافهای جابجایی و ناجابجایی یک گروه متناهی ،اولین بار توسطاردوش1 مطرح گردید ،ولی در سالهای اخیر به طور مفصل در مورد بحث و بررسی قرار گرفتند . در ،م...

abstract in written mode of language, metadiscourse markers are used commonly to help writers in general and academic writers in particular to produce coherent and professional texts. the purpose of the present study was to compare introduction sections of applied linguistics and physics articles regarding their use of interactive and interactional metadiscourse markers based on the model pro...

since esp received universal attention to smooth the path for academic studies and productions, a great deal of research and studies have been directed towards this area. swales’ (1990) model of ra introduction move analysis has served a pioneering role of guiding many relevant studies and has proven to be productive in terms of helpful guidelines that are the outcome of voluminous productions ...