Coral populations, and the productive reef ecosystems they support, rely on successful recruitment of reef-building species, beginning with settlement of dispersing larvae into habitat favourable to survival. Many substrate cues have been identified as contributors to coral larval habitat selection; however, the potential for ambient acoustic cues to influence coral settlement responses is unkn...

We present a spatial interaction entropy maximizing and structural dynamics model of settlements from the Middle Bronze Age (MBA) and Iron Ages (IA) in the Khabur Triangle (KT) region within Syria. The model addresses factors that make locations attractive for trade and settlement, affecting settlement growth and change. We explore why some sites become relatively major settlements, while other...

The payment system is a mechanism which enables cash-transfer (electronically) from one account to another regardless the location of the holding branch of each account. An integrated payment system covers all the inter-banking payments in a synchronized and continuous structure, and includes Real Time Gross Settlement System (RTGS), Automatic Clearing House (ACH), and the Scrip less Securities...

Electricity markets face a substantial amount of uncertainty. While traditionally this uncertainty has been due to varying demand, with the integration of larger proportions of volatile renewable energy, added uncertainty from generation must also be faced. Conventional electricity market designs cope with uncertainty by running two markets: a market that is cleared ahead of time, followed by a...

In this study, numerical modeling of a multi-drain system is employed to determine the optimum penetration depth of prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) and the vacuum pressure that provides the maximum consolidation settlement and less lateral displacements. The plane strain analysis using an equivalent permeability with transformed unit cell geometry was considered for varying drain length an...

Ecology Letters (2012) 15: 338-346 ABSTRACT: Successful recruitment in shallow reef ecosystems often involves specific cues that connect planktonic invertebrate larvae with particular crustose coralline algae (CCA) during settlement. While ocean acidification (OA) can reduce larval settlement and the abundance of CCA, the impact of OA on the interactions between planktonic larvae and their pref...

The dispersal of modern humans across the globe began ~65,000 y ago when people first left Africa and culminated with the settlement of East Polynesia, which occurred in the last 1,000 y. With the arrival of Polynesian canoes only 750 y ago, Aotearoa/New Zealand became the last major landmass to be permanently settled by humans. We present here complete mitochondrial genome sequences of the lik...

BACKGROUND Settlements between doctors and patients provide a solution to complicated disputes. However, some disputes may be renewed as a result of negligence by both parties. The purpose of this study was to review the legal issues that may potentially arise during the preparation of settlement agreements and to propose a list of requirements for ensuring the effectiveness of these settlement...

Landfills settle due to its weight and biodegradation of waste. Biodegradation-induced settlement is a direct result of rearrangement of waste skeleton in response to the conversion of waste mass into landfill gases. Traditionally, the compressibility index based on settlement of clays is used to explain the settlement of waste. Literature review showed that there are limited research attempts ...

We investigate the effects of the settlement market of life insurance policies on the monopolistic insurer's profit and social welfare. We assume that consumers differ only in their liquidity needs, and that the insurer cannot discriminate consumers based on their liquidity needs. When the settlement market incurs no costs, we find that the existence of the settlement market enhances social wel...