A total of 7,764 isolates from patients with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) were collected from 1992 to June 2006. Data on serotypes were available for 5,022 isolates (64.7% of all invasive isolates). Some 54.0% of the isolates originated from adults >or=16 years of age, and 46.0% were from children <16 years of age. The leading serotypes were 14, 23F, 1, 6B, 7F, 3, and 4. The serotypes si...

Mannan-binding lectin (MBL), L-ficolin, and H-ficolin are pattern recognition molecules of the innate immune system. We investigated their ability to bind to different serotypes and noncapsulated variants of two gram-positive bacterial species, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. MBL did not bind to capsulated S. aureus or capsulated S. pneumoniae but did bind to a noncapsulated...

We compared the incidence of nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae, the serotypes causing mucosal and invasive diseases, and the antibiotic resistance of these strains in patients admitted to three large hospitals and children attending day care centers in two Chilean cities (Santiago and Temuco). The populations in both cities were similar in ethnic background, socioeconomic ...

We developed a chemiluminescent multiplexed microarray that simultaneously determines IgG antibody concentrations to 22 pneumococcal polysaccharide (PnPs) serotypes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V, 10A, 11A, 12F, 14, 15B, 17F, 18C, 19A, 19F, 20, 23F, and 33F). We compared the microarray with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for 9 of the 22 serotypes (1, 4, 5, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F,...

BACKGROUND Clinical symptoms and signs in acute otitis media (AOM) may differ depending on the various pneumococcal serotypes causing the disease. Alteration in clinical presentation of AOM could be expected after wide-scale pneumococcal vaccinations if there were considerable differences between vaccine serotypes and nonvaccine serotypes. METHODS In this study, data from 831 children in the ...

FMD virus is an aphtovirus within the picornaviridae family. The most important characteristics in the epidemiology of the disease include the rapid growth of the virus, its stability under a variety of conditions and the occurrence of serotypes (Donaldson, 1991). There are seven serotypes and several subtypes within each. The infections caused by different serotypes are clinically indistinguis...

Fifteen serotypes of E. coli isolated from poultry were subjected to RAPD-PCR using eight oligonucleotide random primers. Amplification with each of the primers resulted in generation of different DNA fingerprinting profile with varied number of bands. Dendrogram based generation of clustering of E. coli serotypes showed two major clusters. The polymorphic amplicons served as markers for E. col...

Dengue virus, the causative agent of dengue fever, has four major serotypes characterized by large genetic and immunological distances. We propose that the unusually large distances between the serotypes can be explained in the light of a process of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) leading to increased mortality. Antibody-dependent enhancement results from a new infection with a particular ...