The language policy in IOK (Indian occupied Kashmir, i.e. Jammu and Kashmir) has been changed recently a new “five official languages” established. This paper untangles the three steps of change: modifying Constitution, enacting Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 passing Official Languages 2020 reveals root causes change by collecting data from media historical documents. Results show that this a...

The article explores the prospects of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) for developing Balochistan province Pakistan. is largest Pakistan, full natural resources; it has geostrategic importance due to its location, long coastal line, Gwadar port, and recently launched CPEC project. It remains an economically underdeveloped socially politically marginalized province, facing extensive pover...

The main premise of this paper is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication, has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrum...

There is a dearth of concrete evidence as to the extent of racism in Australia. This paper reports on research into the extent and distribution of intolerant attitudes in Australia, as well as data on the reported experience of racism. A telephone survey of residents throughout the states of Queensland and NSW generated a completed sample of 5056. The constructs of racism that were tested inclu...

A 21st-century growth in prevalence of extreme right-wing nationalism and social conservatism Australia, Europe, America, certain respects belies the positive impacts online, new, alternative forms global media. Cross-national ‘far-right activism’ are unconfined to their host nations; individuals organisations campaign on basis ethno-cultural separatism, while capitalising internet-based afford...

Globalization influenced by the development of science and technology has brought world into era industrial revolution 4.0. It led to an unstable confusing situation, which implies emergence VUCA (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity) conditions. created term Irregular Warfare as a new form war, is defined violent struggle between state non-state actors gain legitimate influence on pe...

Regional policy is a significant element of the domestic politics unitary state, and for federal state it zone increased attention. Russia an asymmetric ethno-confessional democratic federation, therefore, there constant competition between centrifugal centripetal trends. To ensure integrity leadership Russian Federation (RF) has to constantly transform regional policy, based on peculiarities s...

The paper focuses on the divergent national perspectives – Croatian and Serbian regarding reasons behind Yugoslavia's unification (the Kingdom of SHS), moreover causes its disappearance from historical scene, both as Serbs, Croats, Slovenes Socialist Federal Republic Yugoslavia. From perspective „nationally conscious“ historians, it was separatism that should be blamed for downfall Yugoslavia d...