Induction is the process by which seen data becomes the basis for prediction of unseen data. There has long been a desire to explain the procedure in a context-free way. But Hume’s circularity problem and the no-free-lunch theorems both seem to suggest the logical impossibility of any context-free mechanism. Machine Learning takes the position that no such mechanism exists. But an alternative c...

While significant effort has been put into annotating linguistic resources for several languages, there are still many left that have only small amounts of such resources. This paper investigates a method of propagating information (specifically mention detection information) into such low resource languages from richer ones. Experiments run on three language pairs (Arabic-English, Chinese-Engl...

A black bag, needed especially for home visits, has been used since the time of Hippocrates who, in his treatise "On good manners", gave the first detailed description of a medical bag with guidelines for the required equipment and structure. Ancient Egyptian and Palestinian references also date back at least two millenniums.

In many contexts, pronouns are interpreted as referring to the character mentioned first in the previous sentence, an effect called the ‘firstmention bias’. While adults can rapidly use the first-mention bias to guide pronoun interpretation, it is unclear when this bias emerges during development. Curiously, experiments with children between two and three years old show successful use of order ...

The automatic identification of location expressions in social media text is an actively researched task. We present a novel approach to detection mentions of locations in the texts of microblogs and social media. We propose an approach based on Noun Phrase extraction and n-gram based matching instead of the traditional methods using Named Entity Recognition (NER) or Conditional Random Fields (...

Despite an increasing amount of research on biomedical named entity recognition, there has been not enough work done on disease mention recognition. Difficulty of obtaining adequate corpora is one of the key reasons which hindered this particular research. Previous studies argue that correct identification of disease mentions is the key issue for further improvement of the disease-centric knowl...

MOTIVATION Anatomical entities ranging from subcellular structures to organ systems are central to biomedical science, and mentions of these entities are essential to understanding the scientific literature. Despite extensive efforts to automatically analyze various aspects of biomedical text, there have been only few studies focusing on anatomical entities, and no dedicated methods for learnin...

This study investigated whether or not gender-based differences are evident in the language (North American English) children use to tell a story. An equal number of boys and girls representing 3 developmental stages (7;2, 10;10, and 13;8) were asked to perform a 3 part guided narrative task, which involved telling 3 stories from 2 wordless picture books. The language of the first and third nar...