Abstract Sectoral contracts in many European countries set wage floors for different occupation groups. In addition, employers often pay a premium (or cushion) to individual workers. We use administrative data from Portugal, linked collective bargaining agreements, study the interactions between and cushions quantify impact of sectoral floors. Although wages exhibit “spike” at floor, typical wo...

PURPOSE This study was performed to evaluate the structure-function relationship between Bruch's membrane opening (BMO) parameters of the optic nerve head (ONH) and visual field (VF) sensitivity. METHODS Forty-six right eyes of 46 patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in the patient group and 12 right eyes in the control group were included. Standard automated perimetry (SAP) and spectral-d...

PURPOSE To determine how well rates of localized retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) change correlate with rates of sensitivity change at corresponding locations in the visual field in glaucoma. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS Three hundred and sixty-four eyes of 191 participants with suspected or confirmed glaucoma, as judged by experienced clinicians, were tested every ...

Top-down and bottom-up models have been use to sustain climate policy decisions and evaluate the costs of achieving a certain level of abatement. However, due to their different concepts the costs estimated by the two approaches usually differ, with top-down calculating higher costs. These divergences can also contribute to the definition of different strategies of reduction based on the model ...

Background: India, being one among the fastest growing economies in World, yet there exists an enormous gap having access to formal credit when compared advanced countries. Banks and financial institutions are continuously striving fill this with aid of introducing new payment merchandise units that would make accessibility less difficult. Historically, was only restricted products like home, c...