We describe the Metro toolkit, which supports software modelling and analysis for requirements notations that have configurable semantics. Metro is based on a formalism, called template semantics, which structures the operational semantics of a family of notations as a predefined parameterized template that is instantiated with user-provided parameter values. Thus, the semantics of a single not...

We explore the impact of local economic conditions on the type and size of newly constructed housing. A slightly modified standard open monocentric city model predicts that, as long as land use regulation is relatively lax, positive local income shocks cause construction of more multifamily housing and smaller units. Exploiting metro area-level American Housing Survey (AHS) data from 1984 to 20...

In this section, we outline a theoretical model that we use to rationalize the empirical results reported below. First, the model explains a secular reallocation of employment over time towards more interactive occupations in terms of differences in productivity growth across occupations and inelastic demand. Second, the model predicts that this reallocation is stronger in metro areas than in n...

Xi'an Bell Tower (the Bell Tower) is a state-level ancient relic in China. The vibration caused by metro will exert adverse effect on the Bell Tower. This paper aims at presenting 3D-FEM models to predict the peak period velocity (PPV) of rammed earth base when the metro passing through the Bell Tower. The calculation results are compared with those of field test. Both results were found to be ...

This article develops an econometric analysis of metro station operating cost to identify factors that create variation in cost efficiency. Stations operating costs can be classified amongst the semifixed costs that a metro faces in the sense that they do not vary proportionately with metro output. They may therefore be important in determining the degree of returns to density. This article see...

We look at the problem of using accelerometer in smartphones to detect whether the user is at a metro train station or in a metro train. Currently, we have solutions to detect simple activities, such as sitting or walking. Our work for this thesis investigates the more complex problem of discerning “in-train” from “in-metro-station” activities which internally are composed of several simple act...

BACKGROUND The research productivity of a place depends on doctors, patients and available infrastructure to carry research activities. AIMS We aimed to study the publishing trends and research productivity of metro and non-metro cities in the Journal of the Association of Physi cians of India (JAPI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Bibliometric analysis of research articles published in JAPI between...

Many U.S. metro cities’ municipal wireless projects have been delayed or canceled. Cost forecasting, market penetration rates, and changing technologies are factors that contribute launch failure. Although larger cities have tried, smaller towns are more successful due to the lack of commercial competition. This paper takes the issues of price, cost, and market share of WiFi municipal wireless ...

This thesis examines algorithms for the drawing of metro maps. The most important elements of a metro map are stations and lines connecting the stations. In the context of this thesis, we restrict the elements used for representing lines to one of two classes: On the one hand, circular segments lying on circles with a common center S are allowed. On the other hand, line segments lying on lines ...