Protein myristoylation was investigated in the yeast secretory pathway. Conditional secretory mutations were used to accumulate inteRmediaries in the pathway between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi (sec 18, 20), within the Golgi (sec 7), and between the Golgi and plasma membrane (sec 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9). The accumulation of vesicles was paralleled by the enrichment of a defined subset of p...

Yeast cylosolic coat proteins (COPII) direct the formation of vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum. The vesicles selectively capture both cargo molecules and the secretory machinery that is necessary for the fusion of the vesicle with the recipient compartment, the Golgi apparatus. Recent efforts have aimed to understand how proteins are selected for inclusion into these vesicles. A variety ...

The exocrine protein rat anionic trypsinogen has been expressed and is secreted from the murine anterior pituitary tumor cell line AtT-20. We examined which secretory pathway trypsinogen takes to the surface of this endocrine-derived cell line. The "constitutive" pathway externalizes proteins rapidly and in the absence of an external stimulus. In the alternate, "regulated" pathway, proteins are...

When heat shocked, plant cells distribute their energy to make a very different set of proteins than when at normal temperatures. Along with other secretory proteins, α-amylase is particularly affected by heat shock. This protein is responsible for digesting the starchy food stores contained in the endosperm of a barley seed. These starchy nutrients comprise the largest part of the food store t...

The biogenesis of secretory proteins in eukaryotes involves their translocation across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. This process is evolutionarily related to protein translocation into the periplasm of prokaryotic cells.''2) In both, secretory proteins are generally synthesized as precursors with N-terminal signal sequences that are removed during translocation. As exceptions, how...

The events in the biogenesis of secretory granules after the budding of a dense-cored vesicle from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) were investigated in the neuroendocrine cell line PC12, using sulfate-labeled secretogranin II as a marker. The TGN-derived dense-cored vesicles, which we refer to as immature secretory granules, were found to be obligatory organellar intermediates in the biogenesis o...

Proteins that are components of the secretory machinery form a cellular pathway of paramount importance for physiological regulation, development and function of human tissues. Consistently, most secretory pathway components are ubiquitously expressed in all tissues. At the same time, recent studies identified that the largest fraction of tissue-specific proteins consists of secreted and membra...

ABSTRACT The parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata is an important control agent for several species of fruit flies. Research on the characteristics reproductive system and biology this can be valuable studies in taxonomy phylogeny insects order Hymenoptera. In study we analyzed histology histochemistry male D. longicaudata. consists a pair testes, two accessory glands, ejaculatory duct. Each...

Secretion is a fundamental process in which cells release substances to their external environments. essential for many body functions, including growth, digestion, and cell communication. To be secreted, proteins must pass through various stations inside cells, together form what called the secretory pathway. In this article, I will tell you about pathway stages that go from production up unti...

To determine whether the synthesis of secretory proteins changes with age, the incorporation of [14C]-leucine into exportable proteins of the parotid gland was compared in 2- and 24-month-old rats. The proteins were separated by SDS-gel electrophoresis of the post-microsomal supernatant and identified by comparing the banding patterns in gels prepared from unstimulated glands with those from th...