Abstract We introduce Hyper 2 LTL, a temporal logic for the specification of hyperproperties that allows second-order quantification over sets traces. Unlike first-order logics hyperproperties, such as HyperLTL, LTL can express complex epistemic properties like common knowledge, Mazurkiewicz trace theory, and asynchronous hyperproperties. The model checking problem is, in general, undecidable. ...

Numerous fields, including the physical sciences, social and earth benefit greatly from application of fractional calculus (FC). The fractional-order derivative is developed integer-order derivative, in recent years, real-world modeling has performed better using derivative. Due to flexibility B-spline functions their capability for very accurate estimation equations, they have been employed as...

In this paper, an purchasing inventory model for deteriorating items is developed with a linear, positive trend in demand, allowing inventory shortages and backlogging. It is assumed that the goods in the inventory deteriorate over time at a constant rate . Two models are developed for two operational policies. The first policy covers the case that the inventory model with linear demand for det...

existence of periodic solutions for non-linear third order autonomous differential equation (o.d.e.) has not been investigated to as large an extent as non-linear second order. the popular poincare-bendixon theorem applicable to second order equation is not valid for third order equation (see [3]). this conclusion opens a way for further investigation.