Behavioral choice can be mediated either by a small number of sharply tuned neurons or by large populations of broadly tuned neurons. This issue can be conveniently examined in the turtle spinal cord, which generates each of three forms of scratching-rostral, pocket, and caudal-in response to mechanical stimulation in each of three adjacent regions of the body surface. Previous research showed ...

The objective of this work was to expand the knowledge on mechanical properties of the oxidized Crofer 22 APU Ferritic Stainless Steel. To examine adhesion of oxide scale formed on steel the scratch test was performed. Scratch test as an appropriate method for qualitative evaluation of the film adhesion to substrate has been used in many studies. Scratch properties were investigated before and ...

BACKGROUND Bartonella henselae is the causative agent of the disease caused by cat scratches and it has a worldwide distribution. The objective of the study was to investigate its incidence in the Valencian Community during the period 2009-2012. METHODS A study of the chosen microbiological tests for B. henselae during four years was carried out. Pacients with serology (IgM and IgG), culture,...

As an alternative, Speakman has put forward a non-adaptive scenario — the drifty gene hypothesis. According to this idea, genetic drift — the change of gene frequencies due to random, non-selective processes— could explain the current incidence of obesity seen in modern, industrialized populations. Speakman has hypothesized that the threat of predation on early humans may have provided a strong...

BACKGROUND Bartonella henselae is the causative agent of cat-scratch disease. AIM To study the seroepidemiology of Bartonella henselae in healthy Chilean children and in a population with occupational risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS Serum IgG antibodies were determined by indirect fluorescence technique in 181 children and adolescents and in 107 technical and professional workers involved in the...

Few data are available on the seroprevalence of antibodies to Bartonella henselae among children. We retrospectively evaluated the presence of immunoglobulin G and M class antibodies to B. henselae in 508 children living in central Italy who were apparently free of any features suggesting B. henselae infection. We found that B. henselae infection is common among children in central Italy, occur...