Although the clean Si(0 0 1) and Ge(0 0 1) surfaces are very similar, experiments to date have shown that dimervacancy (DV) defects self-organize into vacancy lines (VLs) on Si(0 0 1), but not on Ge(0 0 1). In this paper, we perform empirical-potential calculations aimed at understanding the differences between the vacancies on Si(0 0 1) and Ge(0 0 1). We identify three energetic parameters whi...

Vulvar sclerosing lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a common chronic inflammatory, non-neoplastic skin lesion of the vulva. In addition to typical hypopigmentation and recurrent pruritus, it often associated with psychiatric disorders such as anxiety depression. Modern medicine believes that pathogenesis VLS mainly related an abnormal immune response, inflammation, promotion fibroblast growth activity,...

The fairness of IEEE 802.11 wireless networks (including Wireless LAN and Ad-hoc networks) is hard to predict and control because of the randomness and complexity of the MAC contentions and dynamics. Moreover, asymmetric channel conditions such as those caused by capture and channel errors often lead to severe unfairness among stations. In this paper we propose a novel distributed scheduling al...

Single crystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires have been grown on Si (100) substrates by a vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) process at temperatures in the range 850-950 °C in an inert atmosphere. The VLS-grown ZnO nanowires have been characterized in detail using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron mi...

To date, the life sciences 'omics' revolution has not lived up to the expectation of boosting the drug discovery process. The major obstacle is dealing with the volume and diversity of data generated. An enhanced-science (e-science) approach based on remote collaboration, reuse of data and methods, and supported by a virtual laboratory (VL) environment promises to get the drug discovery process...

The fairness of IEEE 802.11 wireless networks (including Wireless LAN and Ad-hoc networks) is hard to predict and control because of the randomness and complexity of the MAC contentions and dynamics. Moreover, asymmetric channel conditions such as those caused by capture and channel errors often lead to severe unfairness among stations. In this paper we propose a novel distributed scheduling al...

The vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) process is a fundamental mechanism for the growth of nanowires, in which a small size (5-100 nm in diameter), high melting point metal (such as gold and iron) catalyst particle directs the nanowire's growth direction and defines the diameter of the crystalline nanowire. In this article, we show that the large size (5-50 microm in diameter), low melting point gallium...

The new beta(2) Adrenoceptor (beta(2)AR) crystal structures provide a high-resolution snapshot of receptor interactions with two particular partial inverse agonists, (-)-carazolol and timolol. However, both experimental and computational studies of GPCR structure are significantly complicated by the existence of multiple conformational states coupled to ligand type and receptor activity. Agonis...

Nutrient deprivation can lead to dramatic changes in feeding behavior, including acceptance of foods that are normally rejected. In flies, this behavioral shift depends in part on reciprocal sensitization and desensitization of sweet and bitter taste, respectively. However, the mechanisms for bitter taste modulation remain unclear. Here, we identify a set of octopaminergic/tyraminergic neurons,...