BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is gradually becoming more common for thorough visualization of the fetus than ultrasound (US), especially for neurological anomalies, which are the most common indications for fetal MRI and are a matter of concern for both families and society. OBJECTIVES We investigated fetal MRIs carried out in our center for frequency of central nervous system a...

OBJECTIVES Little is known about the long term outcome of patients with periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) and epilepsy, particularly the course of seizures. This study investigated the electroclinical and prognostic features of 16 patients with PNH. METHODS Of 120 patients with epilepsy and malformations of cortical development, 16 had PNH. Of these, eight patients had periventricular...

OBJECTIVE To record the pattern of different neuronal migrational disorders (NMD) and their associated neurological conditions. METHODS The data were collected at the Child Neurology Services of Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman, from January 1993 to September 2006 from all children with psychomotor delay and epilepsy, who underwent brain imaging (mostly MRI). The MR imaging was used fo...

Septo-optic dysplasia is an uncommon diagnosis comprised in part of a unique composition of congenitalmalformations of the central nervous system. It is defined by three principle findings: optic nerve hypoplasia, absence of the septum pellucidum, and clinical pituitary dysfunction. The syndrome may be associated with various cerebral defects including ectopic posterior pituitary, dysgenesis of...

Case presentation: Female, 3 months old, born preterm, weighing 2285 g, by vaginal delivery. With 25 days of life, she was hospitalized due to jaundice, with total bilirubin at admission 23 mg/dL, dehydration and low weight gain. The infant remained on phototherapy for one day, partial improvement remaining, however, dehydrated, presenting hypernatremia, serum sodium levels reaching 170 mmol/L....

PURPOSE To evaluate the value of electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) in children with nonsyndromic microcephaly. METHODS In this observational case series, six children with nonsyndromic microcephaly aged 8.5 to 158 months were examined. Main outcome measures included the amplitude of the flash ERG (photopic, flickering, scotopic, and dark-adapted responses), the amplit...

OBJECTIVE We analyzed the electroclinical features, etiology, treatment, and outcome of 12 patients with West syndrome (WS) associated with focal hypsarrhythmia (FH). METHODS Between February 2005 and July 2013, 12 patients met the electroclinical diagnostic criteria of WS associated with FH. Hypsarrhythmia was considered to be focal when two or three brain lobes were involved. Patients with ...