2. Participatory Scenario Planning (PSP) is an increasingly popular tool in place-based environmental 3. research for evaluating alternative futures of social-ecological systems. Although a range of 4. guidelines on PSP methods are available in the scientific and grey literature, there is a need to 5. reflect on existing practices and their appropriate application for different objectives and 6...

introduction several methods have been developed to aid in selecting a network of biodiversity protected areas. one of these methods is artificial intelligence which includes a number of different computer algorithms that use an objective function to find the best solution. an algorithm is a mathematical process or a set of rules used for problem solving. recently, site selection algorithms hav...

conclusions using the simulation as a decision making tool helps us to decide how we can reduce outpatient's waiting time. comparison of outputs of this scenario and the based- case scenario in simulation model shows that combining physician's work time changing with patient's admission time changing (scenario 9) would reduce patient waiting time about 73.09%. due to dynamic and complex nature ...

Rapidly increasing urbanization in the world, especially in developing countries, let to increasing urban extents. Rapid urban growth causes to appearance many problems such as wasting environmental resources, inability of providing necessary services for citizens and unplanned growth. Urban mangers and planners need tools for understanding amount and size of future urban growths to prevent the...