The generation of invasiveness in transformed cells represents an essential step of tumor progression. We have previously shown that MDCK epithelial cells, which are deprived of intracellular adhesion by the addition of anti-Arc-1/uvomorulin antibodies, become invasive for collagen gels and embryonal heart tissue (Behrens, J., M. M. Mareel, F. M. Van Roy, and W. Birchmeier. 1989. J. Cell Biol. ...

Angulation errors in collimator septa degrade tomographic resolution in SPECT due to mispositioning of events in the projection data. These errors should be small compared to other contributions to SPECT system resolution, such as intrinsic camera and collimator resolution, gantry alignment, and algorithmic smoothing. We describe a radioisotope technique to measure septal angulation errors over...

A slat collimator in single photon emission computed tomography consists of a set of parallel slats. As the collimator spins, the detector measures a one-dimensional projection data set. A complete data set can be obtained by rotating the detector/collimator assembly around the object (patient) while the collimator spins continuously. The measured projection data are assumed to be weighted plan...

UNLABELLED Our objective was to optimize the quality of (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scans by using a medium-energy collimator to reduce high-energy-photon septal penetration. METHODS In addition to the 159-keV γ-ray, (123)I has a small abundance of energies above 400 keV that can compromise the image quality of MIBG studies because of septal penetration. Using a low-energy ultrahigh...

Prolonged treatment execution time is a concern in CyberKnife robotic radiosurgery. Beam reduction and node reduction technique, and monitor unit optimization methods are adopted to reduce the treatment time. Usage of single collimator in the CyberKnife treatment plan can potentially reduce collimator exchange time. An optimal single collimator, which yields an acceptable dose distribution alon...

The DAVID is a transparent, multi-wire transmission-style detector that attaches to a linear accelerator (linac) collimator for use as an in vivo detector. Currently, the normal method for using the DAVID is to measure a signal at the time of phantom-based pretreatment verification and use that signal as a baseline to compare with in vivo measurements for subsequent treatment fractions. The dev...

Monte Carlo simulations are increasingly used in scintigraphic imaging to model imaging systems and to develop and assess tomographic reconstruction algorithms and correction methods for improved image quantitation. GATE (GEANT4 application for tomographic emission) is a new Monte Carlo simulation platform based on GEANT4 dedicated to nuclear imaging applications. This paper describes the GATE ...