the present research was performed in patom, namkhaneh, gorazbon, chelir and baharbon districts in kheyrud forest. due to existence of forest typology map and extension of study area, this study was confined to beech dominated forests. a stratified sampling method based on landform is used to locate 1000 m2 circular sample plots. the number of fagus orientalis lipsky trees ? 7.5 cm in dbh withi...

In order to sustainable use of rangelands, it is necessary to recognize water, soil, and vegetation cover and analyze their relationships. Physical and chemical properties of soil are effective in distribution of plant species in local area. To determine the effects of some soil properties on species distribution of Eurotia ceratoides and Stipa barbata in Baghedar summer region of Bafgh, three ...

Abstract Slope failure is a recurring natural hazard in the western margin of Main Ethiopian Rift and especially around Debre Sina area. To minimize damage caused by events, detailed investigation landslide-prone areas identified using numerical modelling plays crucial role. The main aim this study to assess stability slopes evaluate compare safety factors calculated different available methods...

The Korean beekeeping industry is continuously declining owing to the aging worker population and a lack of automation. To solve problem manual transportation low automation tools in apiculture, multifunctional transport loading box was developed by modifying tracked vehicle previous studies. ensure safety modified an apiary, dynamic analysis virtual simulation conditions field test inside actu...

A partially peat-extracted coastal bog contaminated by seawater was barren and required revegetation as a wetland. Peat fields were rectangular in shape, cambered in cross-section profile, and separated by drainage ditches. Common to all peat fields were symmetrical patterns in micro-topography with slopes between differences in elevation. Saline non-waterlogged slopes of ∼5% occurred as a symm...

Complex life cycles have evolved independently numerous times in marine animals as well as in disparate algae. Such life histories typically involve a dispersive immature stage followed by settlement and metamorphosis to an adult stage on the sea floor. One commonality among animals exhibiting transitions of this type is that their larvae pass through a 'precompetent' period in which they do no...

River floods, dammed lake flood discharge, reservoir seawater recession, etc. all cause the water level in front of a slope to drop, which changes original steady-state seepage field soil, leading harmful instability. To study this phenomenon, numerical model was established through theoretical analysis combined with coupling Seep/W and Slope/W modules GeoStudio finite element software, verifie...