In this study, the responses of Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF), sedimentation, and sand filtration treatment processes on feed water with varied algal concentrations were investigated, based a technical–economic analysis using data collected from drinking plant (DWTP) in Guangxi, China. Cost-effective for sources algae proposed. The results showed that DAF was able to achieve almost 95% removal ...

Fluid flow through a bed of solid particles is an important process that occurs in full-scale water treatment operations. The Carman–Kozeny model remains highly popular for estimating the resistance across bed. It common practice to use particle shape factors fixed state match predicted drag coefficient with experimentally obtained coefficients. In fluidised state, however, where same are consi...

To simulate the filtration and/or degradation of trickling sewage from leaky sewers through the non-water-saturated underground, sewage was trickled through sand of 0.4-2mm from the Rhine valley in glass columns of 125 cm length. For the same sewage the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was almost independent of low or high trickling rates. The COD removal efficiency varied, however, from 67...

Biofiltration for drinking water treatment has several quality benefits but questions remain about biofilter start-up in temperate climates where temperature and changes can impact performance. A year-long full-scale demonstration was performed with biofilters operated parallel to chlorinated filters (O1) monitor the development of microbiota across acclimation period respect removal Mn total o...

The microbial community of a denitrifying sand filter in a municipal wastewater treatment plant was examined by conventional and molecular techniques to identify the bacteria actively involved in the removal of nitrate. In this system, denitrification is carried out as the last step of water treatment by biofilms growing on quartz grains with methanol as a supplemented carbon source. The biofil...

Small particles typical of liquid swine manure often clog sand filter beds and fine filters. We evaluated the effectiveness of polymer flocculants to improve drainage and filtration performance of sand filter beds by increasing the particle size of manure. A pilot separation unit was evaluated at the Swine Unit of the NCSU Lake Wheeler Road Laboratory in Raleigh, North Carolina, in 40 consecuti...