This research attempts to examine the links between fluctuating oil prices, economic sanctions and the employment in the Libyan economy. In particular, this study attempts to answer the basic question whether UN’s resolutions number 748 (1992) of 31 March 1992 and oil price fluctuations have any significant influence on the employment in Libya. One of this study’s key findings is that fluctuati...

This Article analyzes cartel criminalization in Europe from a deterrence and institutional perspective. First, it investigates the idea of criminalization by putting it in perspective with the more general question of what types of sanctions a jurisdiction might adopt against collusive behavior. Second, it analyzes the institutional element of criminalization by (1) discussing the compatibility...

Objectives : to study and characterize the modern world economy, identify actual goals of sanctions war, propose measures mitigate sanctions. Methods in course research, such methods abstract-logical approach were used as: analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, analogy, deduction, induction, prediction. Results causes, prerequisites war revealed that caused emergence economy. It is pr...

The Hall Life' Council of the SLC held an open m ee tin g thursday night in the CCE to hear students opinions on sanctions for p a r ie ta l h o u rs an d d rin k in g regulations. A p p ro x im ate ly 100 s tu d e n ts attending the m eeting heard Tom Reed, an R.A. in Lyons say tha t it would be impossible for him to continue to be an R.A. with sanctions, as they have been proposed, being impo...

The imposition of sanctions by the UN Security Council (UNSC) is notoriously selective. Many crises have qualified for UNSC endangering peace and security, yet has imposed in only a few. Selectivity conventionally explained conflict intensity or interests Council’s permanent members. Complementing these accounts, we document third explanation: pre-existing regional organizations. We argue that ...

School accountability programs operate under the premise that public schools have insufficient incentives to use resources efficiently. The positive or negative sanctions incorporated into the program are intended to provide these incentives. This paper evaluates the impact of incentives associated with the Federal No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001 on school performance in North Carolina ...

Following recent sanctions on foreign trade, financial and banking services, Iran has faced major difficulties for importing medicines (both finished products and pharmaceutical raw materials) and medical devices. Problems with money transfer have made it extremely lengthy in time to import medicine and medical devices and these have negatively affected access to and affordability of medicines....

As of March 2001, 29 U.S. states had provided enhanced sanctions for high-BAC impaired driving offenders. Minnesota’s high-BAC statute, implemented in 1998, resulted in more severe case dispositions for high-BAC offenders than for other offenders. Overall dispositions for first and repeat offenders were more severe after the law, and the rate of alcohol test refusals was stable. The effective i...

BACKGROUND The U.S Congress initiated sanctions against Iran after the 1979 U.S. Embassy hostage crisis in Tehran, and since then the scope of multilateral sanctions imposed by the United States, the European Union, and the United Nations Security Council have progressively expanded throughout the intervening years. Though primarily targeted at Iran's nuclear proliferation activities, sanctions...