Hydroalcoholic extract of Pycnocycla spinosa is a relaxant of rat ileum and inhibits diarrhea in mice. As P. spinosa extract has spasmolytic activity on ileum, it could also affect other smooth muscles like bladder. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of P. spinosa extract on rat bladder contraction. In an in vitro study, the effects of P. spinosa extract, nifedipine ...

colitis is an inflammatory disease of the intestine with unknown etiology involving multiple immune, genetic and environmental factors. we were interested to examine the effect of total extract from pycnocycla spinosa boiss. on the treatment of experimental colitis. mediators involved in colonic inflammation are prostaglandins, interleukins, leukotriene as well as an increase in myeloperoxidase...

son, William Abbey, Abigail Allwood, Dmitriy Bekker, Benjamin Bornstein, Nathalie A. Cabrol, Rebecca Castaño, Steve A. Chien, Joshua Doubleday, Tara Estlin, Greydon Foil, Thomas Fuchs, Daniel Howarth, Kevin Ortega, Kiri L. Wagstaff. Contact: [email protected]; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr. Pasadena, CA 91109, USA; SETI Institute, M...

BACKGROUND Salvia divinorum is a member of the Lamiaceae family and contains the psychotropic diterpene and kappa-opioid receptor agonist salvinorin-A. Originally a shamanic inebriant used by the Mexican Mazatec Indians, the plant and its preparations are becoming increasingly popular among non-traditional users. METHODS Demographic data and information on pattern of use and subjective effect...

The study designed to evaluate the protective effect of Salvia officinalis (SO) water extract against OVAinduced asthma in mice. The OVA-induced asthmatic mice exhibited significant increase in total leukocytes count, IL-4 and IL-5 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and eosinophils count in (BALF), in addition, to the serum total IgE level. Pathological changes in the lung were evalu...

The active ingredients of salvia (dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza) include both lipophilic (e.g., tanshinone IIA, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone and dihydrotanshinone I) and hydrophilic (e.g., danshensu and salvianolic acid B) constituents. The low oral bioavailability of these constituents may limit their efficacy. A solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SMEDDS) was developed t...

Salvia hypoleuca is used in Iranian traditional medicine as an agent for treatment of some diseases and troubles. In this study, attention was focused on the antioxidant effect of Salvia hypoleuca. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of Salvia hypoleuca extract on Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis (EIU) in rats. In addition, the endotoxin-induced expression of the inducible nitric...

Variation in female fecundity is often affected by differential access to the resources that support costly offspring production (Wade & Schneider 1992; Bridges & Heppell 1996; Reznick et al. 1996; Bentley 1999). Easy access to food leads to earlier onsets of fertility (e.g. human menarche: Bentley 1999), and well-fed females have increased numbers of progeny and enhanced offspring survivorship...

Hydroalcoholic extract of Pycnocycla spinosa is a relaxant of rat ileum and inhibits diarrhea in mice. As P. spinosa extract has spasmolytic activity on ileum, it could also affect other smooth muscles like bladder. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of P. spinosa extract on rat bladder contraction. In an in vitro study, the effects of P. spinosa extract, nifedipine ...

BACKGROUND The study was aimed at determining the anti-inflammatory activity of fractions and extracts obtained from Strychnos spinosa leaves on a mediator of inflammation nitric oxide (NO). MATERIALS AND METHODS Leaves were extracted with acetone and separated into fractions with different polarities by solvent-solvent fractionation. The Griess assay was used to determine the nitric oxide (N...