Soil salinization and sodification are common processes that particularly characterize drylands. These can be attributed either to natural conditions or anthropogenic activities. While causes include factors such as climate, lithology, topography, pedology, human mostly related agricultural land-use, specifically, irrigated agriculture. The objective of this study was thoroughly review topic, w...

Salinity has plagued irrigated agriculture throughout history (Tanji, 1990), and soil salinization is an old–yet– new problem in arid regions. For example, there are approximately 100 million ha of salt–affected soils in China, accounting for one tenth of the total land area (Li, 2009). The development of effective salinity control practices requires an understanding of the causal relationship ...

Sodium (Na) constitutes about2.8percent of the earth's crust, in similar proportion to potassium (K) at 2.6 percent. Both elements are chemically similar and exist in soils as monovalent cations (they have a single positive charge). As such, they are bound to cation exchange sites on soil colloids. However, positive sodium ions (Na) attract a larger shell of hydration water than does positive p...

studies by the us salinity laboratory, using gapon rule, led to the value of 0.01475 (mmol l-1)-0.5for the modified gapon selectivity coefficient (k'g). nevertheless, the results of subsequent research reveled that k'g isn’t constant and could take on a wide range of values depending on soil properties. the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between exchangeable sodiu...

Salt-affected soils are related to salinity (high content of soluble salts) and/or sodicity (excess sodium), which major leading causes agricultural land degradation. This study aimed evaluate the performances three machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting soil exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), electrical conductivity (ECe), and salt-affected classes, from salt ions. The assessed ML m...

Pig farming produces more manure than can reasonably be spread onto surrounding fields, particularly in regions with high livestock densities and limited land availability. Nutrient recycling offers an attractive solution for dealing with manure excesses and is one main objective of the European commission-funded project “BioEcoSIM”. Phosphate salts (“P-Salt”) were recovered from the separated ...

In saline and salinity-affected soils, the global productivity sustainability of cotton are severely affected by soil salinity. High salt concentrations hinder plant growth yield formation mainly through occurrence osmotic stress, specific ion toxicity, nutritional imbalance in cotton. A number agronomic practices have been identified as potential solutions to alleviate adverse effects induced ...