Research in opponent modelling has shown success, but a fundamental question has been overlooked: what happens when a modeller is faced with an opponent that cannot be successfully modelled? Many opponent modellers could do arbitrarily poorly against such an opponent. In this paper, we aim to augment opponent modelling techniques with a method that enables models to be used safely. We introduce...

Plastic deformations develop in bending reinforced elements under seismic loads. In calculation of concrete constructions by spectral method they are taken into account only at the stage loads determination introduction reducing coefficients. But development plastic strains leads to appearance cracks, which don’t close after changing internal forces sign. Due it work height a section decreases,...

This paper analyzes the influence of foundation deformation and variation coefficient vehicle parameters on reliability a vertical safety. Based theory stochastic analysis nonlinear vehicle–track coupled systems, combining generalized probability density evolution theory, this takes reduction rate wheel load as measurement index, considering combined effects stochasticity track irregularity, de...

In January 2006 the French Committee on Dams and Reservoirs – FrCOLD issued provisional guidelines for structural safety of gravity dams. It was the first attempt to produce a semi-probabilistic limit-state method for the design of hydraulic works, in a format similar to the Eurocodes. After 5 years of a progressive implementation of those guidelines, FrCOLD decided to produce an upgraded and e...

It is argued that some approaches to non-perturbative quantum general relativity lack a sensible continuum limit that reproduces general relativity. This may be true in spite of their being mathematically well defined diffeomorphism invariant quantum field theories that result from applying canonical quantization to general relativity. The basic problem is that generic physical states lack long...

Before 1985, OSHA regulated wood dust under its nuisance dust standard of 15 mg/m3 (29 CFR 1910.1000, Table Z-3). However, in a 1985 enforcement proceeding before the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission, wood dust was held not to be covered by the nuisance dust standard. It held that the standard only covered inorganic dusts. (12 OSHC 1785). The Agency did not regulate this substan...

The development of mobile services has become a popular issue for companies in a mature internet environment. To successfully implement mobile services, companies must be adequately involved in the unprecedented innovation activities. However, for companies to buy into the service, it is essential for them to perceive the value of the service and actually achieve that level of value. With this ...