Plantar cutaneous afferent transmission is critical for recovery of locomotion in spinalized animals, whereas a phase-dependent reflex modulation is apparent during fictive or real locomotion. In nine people with a chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) the effects of foot sole stimulation on the soleus H-reflex and tibialis anterior (TA) flexion reflex modulation patterns during assisted stepping we...

Due to the complexity of applying a well-defined stretch during human walking, most of our knowledge about the short latency stretch reflex modulation in humans is based on H-reflex studies. To illuminate the difference between the two methodologies, both types of reflexes were evoked in the same subjects, same experiment. Stretch reflexes were evoked via a stretch device capable of evoking str...

The motor cortex assumes an increasingly important role in higher mammals relative to that in lower mammals. This is true to such an extent that the human motor cortex is deeply involved in reflex regulation and it is common to speak of "transcortical reflex loops." Such loops appear to add flexibility to the human stretch reflex, once considered to be immutable, allowing it to adapt across a r...

Soleus H-reflex tests are used for elucidating pathophysiological mechanisms in motor control. The cumulative vibratory inhibition of the soleus H-reflex, the ratio of the reflex to direct muscle potential (H to M ratio) and the recovery curve of the soleus H-reflex were studied in 38 patients with varying signs of the upper motor neuron syndrome for a possible relation with clinical features. ...

Prominent monosynaptic and disynaptic reflex discharges characterize ipsilateral reflex transmission in the third sacral segment. Convergence upon the motoneurons from the two sides of the body is inhibitory, that through disynaptic paths excitatory. The relative latencies of excitation and inhibition of reflex responses, of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic potentials, and of various aspects ...

BACKGROUND Reflex anuria is an uncommon cause for acute renal failure, which occurs almost always after manipulation or irritation to kidneys, ureter, bladder or other pelvic organs. CASE PRESENTATION Here we describe a case of acute renal failure due to reflex anuria following acute cardiac event. This patient had background history of urolithiasis. In the absence of other pre renal, renal o...