A n association between hypertension and immune system activation has long been recognized as a potential mechanism of hypertensive end-organ damage. Indeed, recent accumulating evidence using mouse models of hypertension induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) supports the roles of T lymphocytes and macrophages in the pathogenesis of hyper-tension and its complications. 1 Curiously, although neutro...

Calprotectin also known as MRP8/14 or S100A8/A9 is a heterodimeric complex of two S100 calcium-binding proteins: myeloid-related protein 8 (MRP-8 or S100A8) and MRP-14 (or S100A9). At present, according to many authors, it is considered that calprotectin MRP8/14 is a potentially more sensitive biomarker of disease activity in rheumatoid disease than conventional inflammatory indices such as the...

Chronic itch in atopic dermatitis is a significant clinical problem with unmet needs. Pain also common symptom of dermatitis. Crisaborole, PDE-4 inhibitor, approved for the treatment mild to moderate The inhibitor appears reduce by activating cAMP-PKA pathway. However, mechanism underlying this antipruritic effect has not fully understood. mouse model was developed repeatedly applying MC903. Cr...

BACKGROUND Following tissue injury after trauma, the activation of innate immune pathways results in systemic inflammation, organ failure and an increased risk of infections. The objective of this study was to characterize the kinetics of the S100A8/S100A9 complex, a new-recognized alarmin, as well as its soluble receptor sRAGE, over time after trauma as potential early biomarkers of the risk o...

Objective:To determine and compare cytomorphometric changes in buccal mucosal cells of cigarette smokers, naswar users and non-users/smokers. Materials and methods:Cellular diameter CD, nuclear diameter ND and nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio N/C ratio were assessed in buccal smears taken with wooden spatula from clinically normal mucosa of smokers,naswar users and control group. The sample size wa...

PURPOSE Pterygium is a wing shaped fibrovascular growth on the ocular surface, characterized by fibrosis, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and inflammatory infiltrates. Epidemiologic studies have linked pterygium formation to various chronic inflammatory conditions, such as ultraviolet radiation, sawdust exposure, and dry eye disease. The purpose of this study is to identify prote...

Abstract Background: The alarmin S100A8/A9, is released from neutrophils in response to inflammatory stimuli, but monocytes, and macrophages can also secrete extracellular S100A8/A9. During the acute phase of myocardial infarction (MI), S100A8/A9 site ischemic injury increases coronary systemic circulation. We have previously shown that plays an important role reparatory immune responses MI, bl...

Recent studies have revealed that the inflammatory process plays a role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). The S100 family and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) participate in regulating inflammation, even in the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMP-1 degrades cartilage, which may result in OA development. Moreover, polymorphisms in RAGE, S100A8, and MM...