OBJECTIVES To provide an up-to-date overview of long-term trends of liver cancer mortality and evaluate the effects attributable to age, period and cohort in Chinese population stratified by gender and urban/rural areas. METHODS Population and liver cancer mortality data were obtained based on the Disease Surveillance Points in China from 1991 to 2014. To examine the time trends of liver canc...

extended abstract 1. introduction spatial expression of increase in earth planet population as the consequence of industrialization, improving the living standards, and reducing the amount of epidemic diseases in the past century, has been the physical-spatial development of urban and rural settlements. this transformation, especially during past decade, beside the technological advances, has s...

In this paper we examine the relative importance of rural versus urban areas in terms of monetary poverty and seven other related living standards indicators. We present the levels of urban-rural differences for several African countries for which we have data and find that living standards in rural areas lag far behind those in urban areas. Then we examine the relative and absolute rates of ch...

The study of rural crime has the potential to make important contributions to crime policy, criminological theory, and research methods in criminology. Although most places in America remain rural, researchers have paid insufficient attention to rural crime and have not utilized the wide variations among rural areas as natural laboratories for research. This chapter outlines what is known about...

ABOUT THE AUTHORS Dealing with Ambiguity: On the Interdependence of Change in Agriculture and Rural Communities ALUN E. JOSEPH, JACQUELINE M. LIDGARD AND RICHARD BEDFORD In November, 1999 the New Zealand Labour Party, the party that had initiated the massive wave of state-led restructuring which swept over the country in the years following 1984, won the national elections. They pledged to ‘clo...

The World Health Organisation estimates there are approximately 3 million cases of needlestick injury (NSI) in healthcare workers (HCW) each year, with 90% of these occurring in developing countries 1 . Student nurses are thought to be at high risk of NSI due to poor technique, inexperience and poor use of universal precautions 2 . There has been little research into the incidence of NSI in Afr...

Faculty in Canadian undergraduate nursing programs have come to rely on preceptorship as the primary model for teaching and learning during the final clinical course. A focused ethnography was completed in order to examine undergraduate nursing students' experience of rural hospital preceptorship in western Canada. Data analysis revealed that students perceive nursing faculty involvement and su...